GGW-mod2: Factor Analysis

Setup

Data preparation

## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(48L, 47L, 50L, 43L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(48L, 47L, 50L, 43L, :
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## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(44L, 48L, 49L, 45L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(44L, 48L, 49L, 45L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(44L, 48L, 49L, 45L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in Ops.factor(d_clean_4[, i], 4): '-' not meaningful for factors

Data examination

## Warning: joining factors with different levels, coercing to character
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## Warning: joining factor and character vector, coercing into character
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Study 1 (2015-12-15, 2 conditions, between-subjects)

Demographics

## Warning in mutate_impl(.data, dots): NAs introduced by coercion

Study 1: Exclusion

did_not_finish	failed_catch_trial	did_not_provide_yob	too_young	TOTAL_excluded	TOTAL_participated	OVERALL_TOTAL
14	19	15	0	48	405	453

Study 1: Sample size

condition	n
beetle	200
robot	205
all	405

Study 1: Study duration (minutes)

condition	min_duration	max_duration	median_duration	mean_duration	sd_duration
beetle	0.77	119.12	2.77	3.92	8.50
robot	0.83	15.77	2.58	3.24	2.11
all	0.77	119.12	2.67	3.58	6.16

## Joining by: c("condition", "min_age", "max_age", "median_age", "mean_age", "sd_age")

## Warning: joining character vector and factor, coercing into character
## vector

Study 1: Participant age (years; approximate)

condition	min_age	max_age	median_age	mean_age	sd_age
beetle	19	70	31	34.24	10.64
robot	20	75	32	35.11	11.20
all	19	75	32	34.68	10.92

Study 1: Participant gender

condition	m	f	other
beetle	119	81	0
robot	121	82	2
all	240	163	2

Study 1: Participant race/ethnicity

condition	asian_east	asian_other	asian_south	black	hispanic	middle_eastern	multiracial	native_american	other_prefno	pac_islander	white
beetle	20	0	6	8	9	1	11	1	1	1	142
robot	16	2	2	15	9	1	9	1	1	1	148
all	36	2	8	23	18	2	20	2	2	2	290

Study 1: Participant religion

condition	buddhism	christianity	hinduism	islam	judaism	multireligious	none	other	other_prefno
beetle	3	81	2	2	4	0	101	3	4
robot	2	87	0	0	5	3	100	3	5
all	5	168	2	2	9	3	201	6	9

Exploratory factor analysis

EFA: BEETLE condition

Step 1: Determine how many factors to extract

Step 2: Run EFA without rotation

## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_beetle, nfactors = nfactors_d1_beetle, rotate = "none", 
##     fm = "minres", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                 MR1   MR2   h2    u2 com
## happy          0.86 -0.10 0.75 0.249 1.0
## depressed      0.86 -0.31 0.84 0.157 1.3
## fear           0.69  0.32 0.58 0.419 1.4
## angry          0.79 -0.04 0.62 0.376 1.0
## calm           0.79  0.20 0.66 0.341 1.1
## sounds         0.38  0.58 0.47 0.525 1.7
## seeing         0.34  0.74 0.66 0.341 1.4
## temperature    0.40  0.70 0.65 0.350 1.6
## odors          0.41  0.57 0.50 0.500 1.8
## depth          0.50  0.40 0.41 0.590 1.9
## computations   0.63 -0.45 0.60 0.404 1.8
## thoughts       0.82 -0.07 0.68 0.320 1.0
## reasoning      0.84 -0.15 0.73 0.266 1.1
## remembering    0.67  0.24 0.51 0.490 1.2
## beliefs        0.76 -0.48 0.81 0.195 1.7
## hungry         0.38  0.78 0.76 0.237 1.5
## tired          0.66  0.41 0.60 0.403 1.7
## pain           0.54  0.61 0.67 0.326 2.0
## nauseated      0.82  0.05 0.68 0.322 1.0
## safe           0.70  0.23 0.54 0.458 1.2
## love           0.87 -0.27 0.82 0.178 1.2
## recognizing    0.76 -0.03 0.58 0.418 1.0
## communicating  0.61  0.20 0.42 0.584 1.2
## guilt          0.81 -0.47 0.88 0.119 1.6
## disrespected   0.81 -0.42 0.83 0.167 1.5
## free_will      0.68  0.17 0.49 0.512 1.1
## choices        0.67  0.36 0.58 0.419 1.5
## self_restraint 0.80 -0.19 0.68 0.323 1.1
## intentions     0.70  0.24 0.55 0.450 1.2
## goal           0.64  0.30 0.50 0.501 1.4
## conscious      0.73  0.16 0.56 0.437 1.1
## self_aware     0.75  0.00 0.56 0.438 1.0
## desires        0.73  0.14 0.56 0.444 1.1
## embarrassed    0.78 -0.55 0.91 0.091 1.8
## emo_recog      0.80 -0.42 0.83 0.174 1.5
## joy            0.88 -0.14 0.79 0.213 1.1
## morality       0.77 -0.38 0.74 0.262 1.5
## personality    0.82 -0.24 0.73 0.265 1.2
## pleasure       0.78  0.21 0.66 0.339 1.1
## pride          0.85 -0.40 0.88 0.120 1.4
## 
##                         MR1  MR2
## SS loadings           20.64 5.64
## Proportion Var         0.52 0.14
## Cumulative Var         0.52 0.66
## Proportion Explained   0.79 0.21
## Cumulative Proportion  0.79 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.4
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  69.39 with Chi Square of  12824.86
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701  and the objective function was  31.95 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.04 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.05 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  200 with the empirical chi square  612.68  with prob <  0.99 
## The total number of observations was  200  with MLE Chi Square =  5862.79  with prob <  0 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.519
## RMSEA index =  0.201  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.187 NA
## BIC =  2148.67
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors               1   1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors         1   1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores    1   1

Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation

## Loading required namespace: GPArotation

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_beetle, nfactors = nfactors_d1_beetle, rotate = "oblimin", 
##     fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.60  0.35 0.65 0.35 1.6
## depressed       0.82  0.08 0.73 0.27 1.0
## fear            0.15  0.64 0.50 0.50 1.1
## angry           0.50  0.36 0.53 0.47 1.8
## calm            0.30  0.59 0.58 0.42 1.5
## sounds         -0.13  0.59 0.30 0.70 1.1
## seeing         -0.26  0.70 0.41 0.59 1.3
## temperature    -0.21  0.72 0.44 0.56 1.2
## odors          -0.12  0.63 0.35 0.65 1.1
## depth           0.05  0.54 0.32 0.68 1.0
## computations    0.69 -0.11 0.43 0.57 1.0
## thoughts        0.53  0.39 0.60 0.40 1.8
## reasoning       0.67  0.25 0.64 0.36 1.3
## remembering     0.20  0.55 0.43 0.57 1.3
## beliefs         0.87 -0.12 0.69 0.31 1.0
## hungry         -0.30  0.78 0.51 0.49 1.3
## tired           0.07  0.70 0.53 0.47 1.0
## pain           -0.13  0.79 0.56 0.44 1.1
## nauseated       0.46  0.45 0.59 0.41 2.0
## safe            0.22  0.56 0.46 0.54 1.3
## love            0.80  0.11 0.72 0.28 1.0
## recognizing     0.48  0.35 0.49 0.51 1.8
## communicating   0.21  0.46 0.33 0.67 1.4
## guilt           0.89 -0.09 0.74 0.26 1.0
## disrespected    0.86 -0.04 0.71 0.29 1.0
## free_will       0.24  0.51 0.42 0.58 1.4
## choices         0.12  0.66 0.51 0.49 1.1
## self_restraint  0.63  0.23 0.56 0.44 1.3
## intentions      0.20  0.59 0.49 0.51 1.2
## goal            0.14  0.57 0.41 0.59 1.1
## conscious       0.29  0.53 0.49 0.51 1.5
## self_aware      0.42  0.42 0.49 0.51 2.0
## desires         0.31  0.51 0.48 0.52 1.7
## embarrassed     0.94 -0.20 0.78 0.22 1.1
## emo_recog       0.88 -0.05 0.74 0.26 1.0
## joy             0.67  0.30 0.69 0.31 1.4
## morality        0.78 -0.01 0.60 0.40 1.0
## personality     0.71  0.18 0.63 0.37 1.1
## pleasure        0.27  0.63 0.60 0.40 1.4
## pride           0.91 -0.03 0.81 0.19 1.0
## 
##                         MR1  MR2
## SS loadings           12.23 9.73
## Proportion Var         0.31 0.24
## Cumulative Var         0.31 0.55
## Proportion Explained   0.56 0.44
## Cumulative Proportion  0.56 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##     MR1 MR2
## MR1 1.0 0.4
## MR2 0.4 1.0
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.3
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  33.83 with Chi Square of  6252.29
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701  and the objective function was  6.46 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.04 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.04 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  200 with the empirical chi square  565.19  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  200  with MLE Chi Square =  1185.72  with prob <  1.7e-27 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.901
## RMSEA index =  0.065  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.053 NA
## BIC =  -2528.4
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.99 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.97 0.95
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.95 0.89

Factor 1

Study 1, BEETLE condition: Rotated Factor 1

	F1
embarrassed	0.9440523
pride	0.9081533
guilt	0.8906603
emo_recog	0.8782222
beliefs	0.8736313
disrespected	0.8566385
depressed	0.8240501
love	0.7994946
morality	0.7811438
personality	0.7089780
computations	0.6939023
joy	0.6695277
reasoning	0.6652942
self_restraint	0.6305370
happy	0.6034206
thoughts	0.5276238
angry	0.5021990
recognizing	0.4820272
nauseated	0.4634142
self_aware	0.4178148
desires	0.3107010
calm	0.3036958
conscious	0.2902389
pleasure	0.2676393
free_will	0.2449147
safe	0.2222686
communicating	0.2085438
remembering	0.2045590
intentions	0.2038521
fear	0.1453854
goal	0.1418002
choices	0.1187407
tired	0.0685213
depth	0.0458845
odors	-0.1191542
sounds	-0.1290391
pain	-0.1312234
temperature	-0.2136876
seeing	-0.2571438
hungry	-0.3005762

Factor 2

Study 1, BEETLE condition: Rotated Factor 2

	F2
pain	0.7926481
hungry	0.7752471
temperature	0.7170307
tired	0.6977625
seeing	0.6959057
choices	0.6580347
fear	0.6351036
pleasure	0.6283244
odors	0.6270289
intentions	0.5942473
calm	0.5879397
sounds	0.5857267
goal	0.5745682
safe	0.5627134
remembering	0.5500451
depth	0.5422707
conscious	0.5307070
free_will	0.5100530
desires	0.5099156
communicating	0.4623823
nauseated	0.4546992
self_aware	0.4206549
thoughts	0.3919741
angry	0.3616163
recognizing	0.3510067
happy	0.3465516
joy	0.2979975
reasoning	0.2510172
self_restraint	0.2287306
personality	0.1776459
love	0.1145687
depressed	0.0758815
morality	-0.0097803
pride	-0.0281165
disrespected	-0.0391258
emo_recog	-0.0511680
guilt	-0.0851762
computations	-0.1070958
beliefs	-0.1245751
embarrassed	-0.2021787

Factor 3 (not applicable)

EFA: ROBOT condition

Step 1: Determine how many factors to extract

Step 2: Run EFA without rotation

## The items do not have an equal number of response alternatives, global set to FALSE

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_robot, nfactors = nfactors_d1_robot, rotate = "none", 
##     fm = "minres", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.92 -0.01 0.85 0.15 1.0
## depressed       0.90 -0.11 0.82 0.18 1.0
## fear            0.89 -0.05 0.79 0.21 1.0
## angry           0.91  0.01 0.84 0.16 1.0
## calm            0.82  0.03 0.67 0.33 1.0
## sounds         -0.29  0.69 0.56 0.44 1.3
## seeing          0.00  0.79 0.63 0.37 1.0
## temperature    -0.17  0.76 0.61 0.39 1.1
## odors           0.17  0.56 0.34 0.66 1.2
## depth           0.07  0.70 0.50 0.50 1.0
## computations   -0.48  0.62 0.62 0.38 1.9
## thoughts        0.77  0.15 0.61 0.39 1.1
## reasoning       0.39  0.60 0.51 0.49 1.7
## remembering    -0.11  0.77 0.61 0.39 1.0
## beliefs         0.83  0.08 0.70 0.30 1.0
## hungry          0.89 -0.06 0.79 0.21 1.0
## tired           0.87  0.06 0.76 0.24 1.0
## pain            0.88 -0.04 0.77 0.23 1.0
## nauseated       0.88 -0.13 0.80 0.20 1.0
## safe            0.85  0.05 0.72 0.28 1.0
## love            0.92 -0.08 0.85 0.15 1.0
## recognizing     0.01  0.80 0.65 0.35 1.0
## communicating  -0.03  0.71 0.50 0.50 1.0
## guilt           0.87 -0.09 0.76 0.24 1.0
## disrespected    0.86 -0.06 0.75 0.25 1.0
## free_will       0.88  0.10 0.78 0.22 1.0
## choices         0.16  0.67 0.47 0.53 1.1
## self_restraint  0.69  0.25 0.54 0.46 1.3
## intentions      0.64  0.24 0.47 0.53 1.3
## goal            0.02  0.70 0.49 0.51 1.0
## conscious       0.81  0.04 0.65 0.35 1.0
## self_aware      0.77  0.17 0.63 0.37 1.1
## desires         0.89  0.10 0.80 0.20 1.0
## embarrassed     0.90 -0.09 0.82 0.18 1.0
## emo_recog       0.71  0.32 0.61 0.39 1.4
## joy             0.93  0.00 0.86 0.14 1.0
## morality        0.65  0.30 0.51 0.49 1.4
## personality     0.72  0.31 0.61 0.39 1.4
## pleasure        0.90 -0.05 0.81 0.19 1.0
## pride           0.88 -0.04 0.77 0.23 1.0
## 
##                         MR1  MR2
## SS loadings           20.36 6.48
## Proportion Var         0.51 0.16
## Cumulative Var         0.51 0.67
## Proportion Explained   0.76 0.24
## Cumulative Proportion  0.76 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.1
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  45.84 with Chi Square of  8702.57
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701  and the objective function was  5.26 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.03 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  205 with the empirical chi square  271.57  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  205  with MLE Chi Square =  991.44  with prob <  2.5e-12 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.959
## RMSEA index =  0.051  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.038 0.051
## BIC =  -2739.99
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.99 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.99 0.94
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.98 0.88

Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_robot, nfactors = nfactors_d1_robot, rotate = "oblimin", 
##     fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.89 -0.02 0.78 0.22 1.0
## depressed       0.89 -0.11 0.76 0.24 1.0
## fear            0.92 -0.02 0.84 0.16 1.0
## angry           0.88 -0.01 0.77 0.23 1.0
## calm            0.61  0.13 0.42 0.58 1.1
## sounds         -0.15  0.64 0.39 0.61 1.1
## seeing         -0.02  0.73 0.53 0.47 1.0
## temperature    -0.09  0.71 0.48 0.52 1.0
## odors           0.01  0.54 0.29 0.71 1.0
## depth           0.04  0.64 0.42 0.58 1.0
## computations   -0.22  0.58 0.33 0.67 1.3
## thoughts        0.57  0.26 0.46 0.54 1.4
## reasoning       0.21  0.62 0.48 0.52 1.2
## remembering    -0.04  0.70 0.49 0.51 1.0
## beliefs         0.70  0.13 0.54 0.46 1.1
## hungry          0.70  0.02 0.49 0.51 1.0
## tired           0.76  0.09 0.62 0.38 1.0
## pain            0.81  0.01 0.65 0.35 1.0
## nauseated       0.86 -0.13 0.71 0.29 1.0
## safe            0.74  0.08 0.57 0.43 1.0
## love            0.95 -0.06 0.88 0.12 1.0
## recognizing    -0.04  0.79 0.62 0.38 1.0
## communicating   0.04  0.66 0.45 0.55 1.0
## guilt           0.81 -0.04 0.65 0.35 1.0
## disrespected    0.79 -0.04 0.61 0.39 1.0
## free_will       0.75  0.09 0.60 0.40 1.0
## choices         0.07  0.64 0.44 0.56 1.0
## self_restraint  0.39  0.36 0.34 0.66 2.0
## intentions      0.46  0.28 0.35 0.65 1.7
## goal            0.01  0.64 0.41 0.59 1.0
## conscious       0.66  0.09 0.47 0.53 1.0
## self_aware      0.59  0.23 0.46 0.54 1.3
## desires         0.75  0.08 0.59 0.41 1.0
## embarrassed     0.96 -0.10 0.90 0.10 1.0
## emo_recog       0.52  0.37 0.49 0.51 1.8
## joy             0.87 -0.02 0.75 0.25 1.0
## morality        0.44  0.37 0.41 0.59 1.9
## personality     0.53  0.39 0.52 0.48 1.8
## pleasure        0.95 -0.06 0.88 0.12 1.0
## pride           0.90 -0.03 0.79 0.21 1.0
## 
##                         MR1  MR2
## SS loadings           16.30 6.33
## Proportion Var         0.41 0.16
## Cumulative Var         0.41 0.57
## Proportion Explained   0.72 0.28
## Cumulative Proportion  0.72 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##      MR1  MR2
## MR1 1.00 0.21
## MR2 0.21 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.2
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  39 with Chi Square of  7403.31
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701  and the objective function was  8.85 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.05 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.05 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  205 with the empirical chi square  717.63  with prob <  0.32 
## The total number of observations was  205  with MLE Chi Square =  1667.76  with prob <  1.6e-80 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.836
## RMSEA index =  0.088  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.077 NA
## BIC =  -2063.67
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors             1.00 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.99 0.94
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.98 0.87

Factor 1

Study 1, ROBOT condition: Rotated Factor 1

	F1
embarrassed	0.9641037
pleasure	0.9472343
love	0.9468109
fear	0.9186321
pride	0.8961650
happy	0.8884707
depressed	0.8861983
angry	0.8801143
joy	0.8722513
nauseated	0.8587571
guilt	0.8137563
pain	0.8070472
disrespected	0.7866940
tired	0.7636259
free_will	0.7528521
desires	0.7489788
safe	0.7358679
hungry	0.6985322
beliefs	0.6973072
conscious	0.6566758
calm	0.6100252
self_aware	0.5905387
thoughts	0.5728410
personality	0.5299597
emo_recog	0.5173974
intentions	0.4623337
morality	0.4430973
self_restraint	0.3930128
reasoning	0.2074653
choices	0.0715817
depth	0.0418538
communicating	0.0404534
goal	0.0129035
odors	0.0087600
seeing	-0.0222526
remembering	-0.0392736
recognizing	-0.0431046
temperature	-0.0895492
sounds	-0.1470091
computations	-0.2151674

Factor 2

Study 1, ROBOT condition: Rotated Factor 2

	F2
recognizing	0.7937630
seeing	0.7316885
temperature	0.7069351
remembering	0.7047323
communicating	0.6634524
choices	0.6449227
sounds	0.6426030
goal	0.6389682
depth	0.6377965
reasoning	0.6208181
computations	0.5765235
odors	0.5351102
personality	0.3922183
morality	0.3720688
emo_recog	0.3695686
self_restraint	0.3567544
intentions	0.2826026
thoughts	0.2590255
self_aware	0.2300412
beliefs	0.1344118
calm	0.1272897
conscious	0.0910407
tired	0.0874804
free_will	0.0860418
safe	0.0814668
desires	0.0813625
hungry	0.0159091
pain	0.0088341
angry	-0.0103937
joy	-0.0181458
fear	-0.0223205
happy	-0.0223783
pride	-0.0321841
guilt	-0.0404905
disrespected	-0.0406588
pleasure	-0.0575347
love	-0.0579180
embarrassed	-0.1023760
depressed	-0.1136898
nauseated	-0.1340358

Factor 3 (not applicable)

EFA: ALL conditions

Step 1: Determine how many factors to extract

Step 2: Run EFA without rotation

## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_all, nfactors = nfactors_d1_all, rotate = "none", fm = "minres", 
##     cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   MR3   h2    u2 com
## happy           0.91 -0.09 -0.08 0.85 0.155 1.0
## depressed       0.90 -0.03 -0.27 0.88 0.119 1.2
## fear            0.83 -0.36  0.21 0.86 0.136 1.5
## angry           0.88 -0.14 -0.04 0.79 0.207 1.1
## calm            0.85 -0.15  0.11 0.75 0.246 1.1
## sounds          0.13  0.55  0.54 0.61 0.395 2.1
## seeing          0.38  0.28  0.71 0.74 0.262 1.9
## temperature     0.25  0.46  0.66 0.71 0.290 2.1
## odors           0.46  0.10  0.60 0.58 0.418 2.0
## depth           0.32  0.54  0.40 0.55 0.450 2.5
## computations   -0.27  0.88 -0.27 0.91 0.085 1.4
## thoughts        0.86  0.01 -0.04 0.74 0.264 1.0
## reasoning       0.52  0.65 -0.11 0.71 0.293 2.0
## remembering     0.17  0.80  0.18 0.69 0.305 1.2
## beliefs         0.76  0.23 -0.42 0.80 0.198 1.8
## hungry          0.68 -0.56  0.43 0.97 0.033 2.7
## tired           0.81 -0.34  0.28 0.84 0.157 1.6
## pain            0.75 -0.48  0.36 0.93 0.074 2.2
## nauseated       0.87 -0.21  0.05 0.81 0.186 1.1
## safe            0.83 -0.22  0.15 0.75 0.246 1.2
## love            0.91  0.01 -0.25 0.89 0.111 1.2
## recognizing     0.21  0.86 -0.02 0.79 0.208 1.1
## communicating   0.30  0.68  0.18 0.58 0.416 1.6
## guilt           0.85  0.03 -0.39 0.88 0.121 1.4
## disrespected    0.84  0.06 -0.36 0.84 0.160 1.4
## free_will       0.82 -0.27  0.13 0.77 0.232 1.3
## choices         0.51  0.41  0.34 0.55 0.451 2.7
## self_restraint  0.75  0.24 -0.13 0.63 0.366 1.3
## intentions      0.76 -0.02  0.13 0.60 0.402 1.1
## goal            0.37  0.55  0.30 0.54 0.464 2.4
## conscious       0.83 -0.22  0.13 0.75 0.251 1.2
## self_aware      0.82 -0.02  0.01 0.67 0.331 1.0
## desires         0.85 -0.21  0.11 0.78 0.223 1.2
## embarrassed     0.84  0.07 -0.45 0.91 0.087 1.6
## emo_recog       0.70  0.40 -0.33 0.76 0.235 2.1
## joy             0.92 -0.05 -0.12 0.86 0.141 1.0
## morality        0.60  0.47 -0.35 0.70 0.305 2.6
## personality     0.77  0.30 -0.21 0.73 0.271 1.5
## pleasure        0.88 -0.25  0.13 0.85 0.150 1.2
## pride           0.87  0.08 -0.35 0.89 0.112 1.3
## 
##                         MR1  MR2  MR3
## SS loadings           20.38 6.18 3.89
## Proportion Var         0.51 0.15 0.10
## Cumulative Var         0.51 0.66 0.76
## Proportion Explained   0.67 0.20 0.13
## Cumulative Proportion  0.67 0.87 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.6
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  96.01 with Chi Square of  37427.06
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663  and the objective function was  46.82 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.03 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  405 with the empirical chi square  496.78  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  405  with MLE Chi Square =  18159.94  with prob <  0 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.435
## RMSEA index =  0.261  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.252 NA
## BIC =  14179.37
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors               1   1   1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors         1   1   1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores    1   1   1

Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_all, nfactors = nfactors_d1_all, rotate = "oblimin", 
##     fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   MR3   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.64  0.37  0.04 0.74 0.26 1.6
## depressed       0.82  0.15 -0.06 0.75 0.25 1.1
## fear            0.20  0.77  0.05 0.76 0.24 1.2
## angry           0.55  0.43  0.03 0.67 0.33 1.9
## calm            0.35  0.55  0.15 0.62 0.38 1.9
## sounds         -0.18  0.07  0.64 0.38 0.62 1.2
## seeing         -0.25  0.39  0.66 0.51 0.49 2.0
## temperature    -0.23  0.23  0.70 0.48 0.52 1.4
## odors          -0.15  0.47  0.47 0.39 0.61 2.2
## depth          -0.02  0.07  0.63 0.40 0.60 1.0
## computations    0.21 -0.83  0.41 0.78 0.22 1.6
## thoughts        0.51  0.35  0.18 0.61 0.39 2.1
## reasoning       0.41 -0.21  0.53 0.55 0.45 2.2
## remembering     0.06 -0.26  0.73 0.59 0.41 1.3
## beliefs         0.80 -0.12  0.03 0.60 0.40 1.0
## hungry         -0.08  0.96 -0.06 0.87 0.13 1.0
## tired           0.15  0.79  0.10 0.76 0.24 1.1
## pain            0.01  0.93  0.02 0.87 0.13 1.0
## nauseated       0.46  0.52  0.05 0.68 0.32 2.0
## safe            0.30  0.61  0.11 0.63 0.37 1.5
## love            0.84  0.13 -0.03 0.79 0.21 1.1
## recognizing     0.21 -0.39  0.69 0.67 0.33 1.8
## communicating   0.08 -0.09  0.65 0.46 0.54 1.1
## guilt           0.85  0.03 -0.08 0.70 0.30 1.0
## disrespected    0.83  0.03 -0.05 0.68 0.32 1.0
## free_will       0.31  0.61  0.07 0.63 0.37 1.5
## choices         0.05  0.20  0.62 0.46 0.54 1.2
## self_restraint  0.51  0.08  0.26 0.45 0.55 1.5
## intentions      0.27  0.45  0.25 0.48 0.52 2.3
## goal            0.04  0.04  0.63 0.42 0.58 1.0
## conscious       0.30  0.62  0.11 0.64 0.36 1.5
## self_aware      0.43  0.39  0.18 0.55 0.45 2.3
## desires         0.34  0.60  0.09 0.66 0.34 1.6
## embarrassed     0.92 -0.06 -0.12 0.76 0.24 1.0
## emo_recog       0.71 -0.16  0.21 0.58 0.42 1.3
## joy             0.69  0.31  0.03 0.76 0.24 1.4
## morality        0.60 -0.23  0.26 0.47 0.53 1.7
## personality     0.64  0.03  0.24 0.58 0.42 1.3
## pleasure        0.37  0.63  0.09 0.74 0.26 1.6
## pride           0.89  0.03 -0.05 0.80 0.20 1.0
## 
##                         MR1  MR2  MR3
## SS loadings           10.74 8.75 5.42
## Proportion Var         0.27 0.22 0.14
## Cumulative Var         0.27 0.49 0.62
## Proportion Explained   0.43 0.35 0.22
## Cumulative Proportion  0.43 0.78 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##      MR1  MR2  MR3
## MR1 1.00 0.37 0.31
## MR2 0.37 1.00 0.07
## MR3 0.31 0.07 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.5
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  36.39 with Chi Square of  14185
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663  and the objective function was  3.81 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.03 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  405 with the empirical chi square  500.89  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  405  with MLE Chi Square =  1475.92  with prob <  8.7e-64 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.928
## RMSEA index =  0.057  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.051 0.059
## BIC =  -2504.66
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2  MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.98 0.98 0.96
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.97 0.97 0.92
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.94 0.94 0.83

Factor 1

Study 1, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 1

	F1
embarrassed	0.9228937
pride	0.8945059
guilt	0.8484749
love	0.8417446
disrespected	0.8264310
depressed	0.8156898
beliefs	0.7980020
emo_recog	0.7113350
joy	0.6932942
personality	0.6376583
happy	0.6369713
morality	0.6021238
angry	0.5508657
self_restraint	0.5130066
thoughts	0.5054220
nauseated	0.4582169
self_aware	0.4305748
reasoning	0.4070638
pleasure	0.3670847
calm	0.3484908
desires	0.3421277
free_will	0.3070096
conscious	0.2982672
safe	0.2982458
intentions	0.2662791
recognizing	0.2091420
computations	0.2053265
fear	0.2040970
tired	0.1452956
communicating	0.0848910
remembering	0.0558812
choices	0.0484128
goal	0.0442204
pain	0.0099079
depth	-0.0240432
hungry	-0.0776165
odors	-0.1526497
sounds	-0.1841127
temperature	-0.2295365
seeing	-0.2483799

Factor 2

Study 1, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 2

	F2
hungry	0.9588119
pain	0.9271916
tired	0.7888848
fear	0.7652879
pleasure	0.6345984
conscious	0.6153394
free_will	0.6120139
safe	0.6081339
desires	0.5955359
calm	0.5456005
nauseated	0.5203679
odors	0.4671979
intentions	0.4473883
angry	0.4267135
seeing	0.3932155
self_aware	0.3899387
happy	0.3736663
thoughts	0.3517709
joy	0.3145155
temperature	0.2316157
choices	0.1951185
depressed	0.1490315
love	0.1340875
self_restraint	0.0789698
depth	0.0736936
sounds	0.0701252
goal	0.0355477
pride	0.0340212
personality	0.0330797
disrespected	0.0265947
guilt	0.0265457
embarrassed	-0.0613526
communicating	-0.0884732
beliefs	-0.1203219
emo_recog	-0.1550780
reasoning	-0.2119770
morality	-0.2263495
remembering	-0.2622649
recognizing	-0.3909548
computations	-0.8289663

Factor 3

Study 1, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 3

	F3
remembering	0.7278710
temperature	0.7023329
recognizing	0.6896204
seeing	0.6559154
communicating	0.6533678
sounds	0.6438999
depth	0.6339327
goal	0.6326415
choices	0.6152179
reasoning	0.5296171
odors	0.4656534
computations	0.4076095
self_restraint	0.2588627
morality	0.2563432
intentions	0.2543466
personality	0.2449917
emo_recog	0.2097829
self_aware	0.1804555
thoughts	0.1793403
calm	0.1493519
safe	0.1088986
conscious	0.1051998
tired	0.0963354
desires	0.0896815
pleasure	0.0879222
free_will	0.0708412
fear	0.0531607
nauseated	0.0503223
happy	0.0359296
beliefs	0.0348745
joy	0.0326060
angry	0.0285722
pain	0.0227799
love	-0.0323704
pride	-0.0472171
disrespected	-0.0529288
hungry	-0.0565903
depressed	-0.0573755
guilt	-0.0782081
embarrassed	-0.1173760

Predict latent variable structure for CFA in follow-up studies

Extract latent variable structure

## Joining by: "order"
## Joining by: "order"

Study 1: Factor structure

order	mc_MR1	loading_MR1	mc_MR2	loading_MR2	mc_MR3	loading_MR3
1	embarrassed	0.92	hungry	0.96	remembering	0.73
2	pride	0.89	pain	0.93	temperature	0.70
3	guilt	0.85	tired	0.79	recognizing	0.69
4	love	0.84	fear	0.77	seeing	0.66
5	disrespected	0.83	pleasure	0.63	communicating	0.65
6	depressed	0.82	conscious	0.62	sounds	0.64
7	beliefs	0.80	free_will	0.61	depth	0.63
8	emo_recog	0.71	safe	0.61	goal	0.63
9	joy	0.69	desires	0.60	choices	0.62
10	personality	0.64	calm	0.55	reasoning	0.53
11	happy	0.64	nauseated	0.52	computations	0.41
12	morality	0.60	odors	0.47	NA	NA
13	angry	0.55	intentions	0.45	NA	NA
14	self_restraint	0.51	NA	NA	NA	NA
15	thoughts	0.51	NA	NA	NA	NA
16	self_aware	0.43	NA	NA	NA	NA

ModelDD: Data-driven, three factors (MR1, MR2, MR3; see Study 1)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (405) too small to compute Gamma

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  67 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           405
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             5219.456    4902.384
##   Degrees of freedom                               737         737
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.189
##   Shift parameter                                          514.155
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic            43926.074    5403.672
##   Degrees of freedom                               780         780
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.896       0.099
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.890       0.047
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.123       0.118
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.120  0.126       0.115  0.121
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.121       0.121
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   MR1 =~                                              
##     embarrassed       1.000                           
##     pride             1.360    0.116   11.768    0.000
##     guilt             1.017    0.086   11.887    0.000
##     love              1.631    0.141   11.536    0.000
##     disrespected      1.134    0.089   12.701    0.000
##     depressed         1.401    0.130   10.815    0.000
##     beliefs           1.097    0.081   13.609    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.269    0.100   12.745    0.000
##     joy               1.970    0.217    9.098    0.000
##     personality       1.591    0.154   10.343    0.000
##     happy             1.975    0.218    9.042    0.000
##     morality          1.026    0.098   10.422    0.000
##     angry             1.959    0.215    9.091    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.493    0.163    9.158    0.000
##     thoughts          2.023    0.236    8.567    0.000
##     self_aware        1.934    0.219    8.817    0.000
##   MR2 =~                                              
##     hungry            1.000                           
##     pain              1.020    0.033   31.220    0.000
##     tired             0.960    0.037   26.231    0.000
##     fear              1.018    0.043   23.669    0.000
##     pleasure          0.912    0.045   20.230    0.000
##     conscious         0.905    0.047   19.403    0.000
##     free_will         0.907    0.047   19.468    0.000
##     safe              0.903    0.046   19.826    0.000
##     desires           0.910    0.046   19.984    0.000
##     calm              0.872    0.043   20.072    0.000
##     nauseated         0.710    0.047   15.241    0.000
##     odors             0.487    0.046   10.502    0.000
##     intentions        0.807    0.045   17.981    0.000
##   MR3 =~                                              
##     remembering       1.000                           
##     temperature       0.913    0.131    6.967    0.000
##     recognizing       1.099    0.126    8.706    0.000
##     seeing            1.172    0.163    7.206    0.000
##     communicating     1.154    0.151    7.630    0.000
##     sounds            0.610    0.108    5.660    0.000
##     depth             1.258    0.153    8.243    0.000
##     goal              1.379    0.163    8.471    0.000
##     choices           1.592    0.187    8.517    0.000
##     reasoning         1.426    0.169    8.451    0.000
##     computations     -0.251    0.183   -1.373    0.170
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   MR1 ~~                                              
##     MR2               1.053    0.137    7.699    0.000
##     MR3               0.330    0.068    4.842    0.000
##   MR2 ~~                                              
##     MR3               0.646    0.122    5.282    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     embarrassed      -2.496    0.058  -43.269    0.000
##     pride            -2.306    0.066  -34.916    0.000
##     guilt            -2.504    0.055  -45.918    0.000
##     love             -2.215    0.074  -30.022    0.000
##     disrespected     -2.400    0.061  -39.544    0.000
##     depressed        -2.328    0.066  -35.220    0.000
##     beliefs          -2.286    0.067  -33.985    0.000
##     emo_recog        -1.953    0.077  -25.230    0.000
##     joy              -1.958    0.083  -23.719    0.000
##     personality      -1.726    0.081  -21.330    0.000
##     happy            -1.906    0.083  -23.068    0.000
##     morality         -1.951    0.078  -25.008    0.000
##     angry            -1.822    0.086  -21.153    0.000
##     self_restraint   -1.773    0.083  -21.391    0.000
##     thoughts         -1.546    0.089  -17.330    0.000
##     self_aware       -1.553    0.090  -17.322    0.000
##     hungry           -0.430    0.130   -3.292    0.001
##     pain             -0.785    0.118   -6.657    0.000
##     tired            -1.146    0.106  -10.807    0.000
##     fear             -1.165    0.111  -10.528    0.000
##     pleasure         -1.556    0.094  -16.549    0.000
##     conscious        -1.279    0.101  -12.707    0.000
##     free_will        -1.328    0.102  -13.003    0.000
##     safe             -1.328    0.101  -13.167    0.000
##     desires          -1.417    0.099  -14.321    0.000
##     calm             -1.442    0.096  -15.042    0.000
##     nauseated        -2.012    0.077  -26.037    0.000
##     odors             0.425    0.105    4.057    0.000
##     intentions       -0.928    0.101   -9.165    0.000
##     remembering       0.472    0.104    4.551    0.000
##     temperature       1.356    0.087   15.510    0.000
##     recognizing      -0.240    0.105   -2.282    0.022
##     seeing            1.210    0.096   12.658    0.000
##     communicating     0.709    0.094    7.509    0.000
##     sounds            1.600    0.080   19.899    0.000
##     depth             0.252    0.104    2.413    0.016
##     goal              0.291    0.105    2.786    0.005
##     choices           0.207    0.099    2.091    0.037
##     reasoning        -1.131    0.098  -11.589    0.000
##     computations      0.086    0.131    0.657    0.511
##     MR1               0.000                           
##     MR2               0.000                           
##     MR3               0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     embarrassed       0.777    0.102    7.608    0.000
##     pride             0.712    0.078    9.174    0.000
##     guilt             0.614    0.084    7.338    0.000
##     love              0.688    0.092    7.475    0.000
##     disrespected      0.757    0.113    6.693    0.000
##     depressed         0.651    0.090    7.255    0.000
##     beliefs           1.144    0.134    8.537    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.506    0.158    9.515    0.000
##     joy               0.548    0.078    7.033    0.000
##     personality       1.207    0.137    8.824    0.000
##     happy             0.543    0.085    6.364    0.000
##     morality          1.860    0.190    9.796    0.000
##     angry             0.819    0.111    7.350    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.509    0.187    8.068    0.000
##     thoughts          0.889    0.127    7.005    0.000
##     self_aware        1.122    0.159    7.058    0.000
##     hungry            3.434    0.263   13.083    0.000
##     pain              2.035    0.182   11.182    0.000
##     tired             1.368    0.153    8.950    0.000
##     fear              1.378    0.162    8.524    0.000
##     pleasure          0.702    0.099    7.123    0.000
##     conscious         1.271    0.172    7.410    0.000
##     free_will         1.384    0.185    7.483    0.000
##     safe              1.304    0.179    7.307    0.000
##     desires           1.105    0.140    7.902    0.000
##     calm              1.092    0.152    7.181    0.000
##     nauseated         0.678    0.082    8.311    0.000
##     odors             3.610    0.182   19.843    0.000
##     intentions        1.901    0.192    9.884    0.000
##     remembering       3.244    0.220   14.775    0.000
##     temperature       2.173    0.163   13.354    0.000
##     recognizing       3.128    0.233   13.441    0.000
##     seeing            2.188    0.219    9.967    0.000
##     communicating     2.139    0.243    8.815    0.000
##     sounds            2.204    0.174   12.654    0.000
##     depth             2.671    0.229   11.643    0.000
##     goal              2.337    0.240    9.743    0.000
##     choices           1.203    0.273    4.405    0.000
##     reasoning         1.619    0.252    6.431    0.000
##     computations      6.916    0.188   36.861    0.000
##     MR1               0.568    0.137    4.159    0.000
##     MR2               3.445    0.284   12.133    0.000
##     MR3               1.095    0.239    4.589    0.000

ModelWDM: Theoretical, three factors (AFFECT, AUTONOMY, PERCEPTION; see Weisman et al., 2015)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  49 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           405
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic              405.643     708.780
##   Degrees of freedom                               101         101
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.607
##   Shift parameter                                           40.513
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             6396.176    1807.620
##   Degrees of freedom                               120         120
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.951       0.640
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.942       0.572
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.086       0.122
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.078  0.095       0.114  0.131
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.086       0.086
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   affect =~                                           
##     happy             1.000                           
##     depressed         0.668    0.049   13.623    0.000
##     fear              1.256    0.078   16.070    0.000
##     angry             1.001    0.058   17.123    0.000
##     calm              1.143    0.064   17.976    0.000
##     joy               0.973    0.041   23.827    0.000
##   perception =~                                       
##     sounds            1.000                           
##     seeing            1.789    0.249    7.177    0.000
##     temperature       1.423    0.185    7.682    0.000
##     odors             2.018    0.274    7.354    0.000
##     depth             1.593    0.226    7.055    0.000
##   autonomy =~                                         
##     free_will         1.000                           
##     choices           0.681    0.058   11.681    0.000
##     self_restraint    0.656    0.060   10.922    0.000
##     intentions        0.964    0.055   17.613    0.000
##     goal              0.572    0.064    8.978    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   affect ~~                                           
##     perception        0.402    0.082    4.876    0.000
##     autonomy          1.878    0.195    9.627    0.000
##   perception ~~                                       
##     autonomy          0.730    0.121    6.043    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     happy            -1.906    0.083  -23.068    0.000
##     depressed        -2.328    0.066  -35.220    0.000
##     fear             -1.165    0.111  -10.528    0.000
##     angry            -1.822    0.086  -21.153    0.000
##     calm             -1.442    0.096  -15.042    0.000
##     joy              -1.958    0.083  -23.719    0.000
##     sounds            1.600    0.080   19.899    0.000
##     seeing            1.210    0.096   12.658    0.000
##     temperature       1.356    0.087   15.510    0.000
##     odors             0.425    0.105    4.057    0.000
##     depth             0.252    0.104    2.413    0.016
##     free_will        -1.328    0.102  -13.003    0.000
##     choices           0.207    0.099    2.091    0.037
##     self_restraint   -1.773    0.083  -21.391    0.000
##     intentions       -0.928    0.101   -9.165    0.000
##     goal              0.291    0.105    2.786    0.005
##     affect            0.000                           
##     perception        0.000                           
##     autonomy          0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     happy             0.766    0.110    6.946    0.000
##     depressed         0.876    0.114    7.673    0.000
##     fear              1.805    0.220    8.206    0.000
##     angry             1.000    0.120    8.324    0.000
##     calm              1.108    0.159    6.954    0.000
##     joy               0.866    0.106    8.196    0.000
##     sounds            1.956    0.165   11.853    0.000
##     seeing            1.592    0.213    7.487    0.000
##     temperature       1.758    0.163   10.811    0.000
##     odors             1.756    0.262    6.704    0.000
##     depth             2.737    0.256   10.670    0.000
##     free_will         1.746    0.200    8.732    0.000
##     choices           2.831    0.172   16.484    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.712    0.174    9.864    0.000
##     intentions        1.851    0.185   10.031    0.000
##     goal              3.612    0.185   19.568    0.000
##     affect            1.992    0.232    8.604    0.000
##     perception        0.656    0.168    3.897    0.000
##     autonomy          2.470    0.254    9.717    0.000

ModelGGW: Theoretical, two factors (AGENCY, EXPERIENCE; see Gray et al., 2007)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  49 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           405
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             1077.793    1598.907
##   Degrees of freedom                               134         134
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.706
##   Shift parameter                                           71.318
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic            10345.481    2243.028
##   Degrees of freedom                               153         153
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.907       0.299
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.894       0.200
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.132       0.164
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.125  0.139       0.157  0.172
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.133       0.133
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   experience =~                                       
##     hungry            1.000                           
##     fear              1.026    0.046   22.263    0.000
##     pain              1.036    0.037   28.037    0.000
##     pleasure          0.916    0.047   19.308    0.000
##     angry             0.780    0.052   15.076    0.000
##     desires           0.922    0.048   19.180    0.000
##     personality       0.568    0.054   10.505    0.000
##     conscious         0.904    0.049   18.390    0.000
##     pride             0.501    0.055    9.176    0.000
##     embarrassed       0.368    0.053    6.998    0.000
##     joy               0.753    0.054   14.062    0.000
##   agency =~                                           
##     self_restraint    1.000                           
##     morality          0.649    0.074    8.730    0.000
##     remembering       0.333    0.086    3.890    0.000
##     emo_recog         0.817    0.074   10.981    0.000
##     goal              0.671    0.091    7.353    0.000
##     communicating     0.542    0.082    6.639    0.000
##     thoughts          1.395    0.108   12.930    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   experience ~~                                       
##     agency            1.493    0.158    9.461    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     hungry           -0.430    0.130   -3.292    0.001
##     fear             -1.165    0.111  -10.528    0.000
##     pain             -0.785    0.118   -6.657    0.000
##     pleasure         -1.556    0.094  -16.549    0.000
##     angry            -1.822    0.086  -21.153    0.000
##     desires          -1.417    0.099  -14.321    0.000
##     personality      -1.726    0.081  -21.330    0.000
##     conscious        -1.279    0.101  -12.707    0.000
##     pride            -2.306    0.066  -34.916    0.000
##     embarrassed      -2.496    0.058  -43.269    0.000
##     joy              -1.958    0.083  -23.719    0.000
##     self_restraint   -1.773    0.083  -21.391    0.000
##     morality         -1.951    0.078  -25.008    0.000
##     remembering       0.472    0.104    4.551    0.000
##     emo_recog        -1.953    0.077  -25.230    0.000
##     goal              0.291    0.105    2.786    0.005
##     communicating     0.709    0.094    7.509    0.000
##     thoughts         -1.546    0.089  -17.330    0.000
##     experience        0.000                           
##     agency            0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     hungry            3.627    0.280   12.944    0.000
##     fear              1.525    0.159    9.569    0.000
##     pain              2.129    0.180   11.804    0.000
##     pleasure          0.843    0.098    8.593    0.000
##     angry             1.021    0.106    9.594    0.000
##     desires           1.194    0.136    8.801    0.000
##     personality       1.594    0.150   10.599    0.000
##     conscious         1.435    0.170    8.429    0.000
##     pride             0.946    0.096    9.898    0.000
##     embarrassed       0.905    0.123    7.335    0.000
##     joy               0.910    0.098    9.325    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.166    0.192    6.065    0.000
##     morality          1.779    0.197    9.023    0.000
##     remembering       4.161    0.178   23.331    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.347    0.163    8.247    0.000
##     goal              3.695    0.192   19.258    0.000
##     communicating     3.125    0.189   16.513    0.000
##     thoughts          0.085    0.201    0.424    0.671
##     experience        3.253    0.295   11.024    0.000
##     agency            1.609    0.205    7.842    0.000

Study 2 (2016-01-12, 2 conditions, between-subjects - REPLICATION)

Demographics

Study 2: Exclusion

did_not_finish	failed_catch_trial	did_not_provide_yob	too_young	TOTAL_excluded	TOTAL_participated	OVERALL_TOTAL
0	0	13	0	13	406	419

Study 2: Sample size

condition	n
beetle	202
robot	204
all	406

Study 2: Study duration (minutes)

condition	min_duration	max_duration	median_duration	mean_duration	sd_duration
beetle	0.92	28.95	2.69	3.54	3.17
robot	1.00	16.72	2.52	3.18	2.17
all	0.92	28.95	2.63	3.36	2.72

## Joining by: c("condition", "min_age", "max_age", "median_age", "mean_age", "sd_age")

## Warning: joining character vector and factor, coercing into character
## vector

Study 2: Participant age (years; approximate)

condition	min_age	max_age	median_age	mean_age	sd_age
beetle	20	70	32	34.95	10.99
robot	20	70	33	35.60	10.92
all	20	70	33	35.28	10.95

Study 2: Participant gender

condition	m	f	other
beetle	93	108	1
robot	106	97	1
all	199	205	2

Study 2: Participant race/ethnicity

condition	asian_east	asian_south	black	hispanic	middle_eastern	multiracial	native_american	other_prefno	pac_islander	white
beetle	8	7	12	11	0	3	1	1	0	159
robot	14	1	14	10	1	5	1	2	1	155
all	22	8	26	21	1	8	2	3	1	314

Study 2: Participant religion

condition	buddhism	christianity	hinduism	islam	judaism	multireligious	none	other	other_prefno
beetle	6	80	1	3	5	1	95	6	5
robot	3	85	0	2	2	1	105	4	2
all	9	165	1	5	7	2	200	10	7

Exploratory factor analysis

EFA: BEETLE condition

Step 1: Determine how many factors to extract

Step 2: Run EFA without rotation

## The items do not have an equal number of response alternatives, global set to FALSE

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_beetle, nfactors = nfactors_d2_beetle, rotate = "none", 
##     fm = "minres", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.83  0.05 0.69 0.31 1.0
## depressed       0.81 -0.22 0.70 0.30 1.1
## fear            0.52  0.50 0.52 0.48 2.0
## angry           0.70  0.07 0.49 0.51 1.0
## calm            0.72  0.27 0.59 0.41 1.3
## sounds          0.28  0.71 0.58 0.42 1.3
## seeing          0.19  0.75 0.60 0.40 1.1
## temperature     0.12  0.71 0.52 0.48 1.1
## odors           0.20  0.69 0.52 0.48 1.2
## depth           0.39  0.38 0.29 0.71 2.0
## computations    0.62 -0.30 0.48 0.52 1.5
## thoughts        0.75  0.12 0.58 0.42 1.0
## reasoning       0.71 -0.11 0.52 0.48 1.0
## remembering     0.57  0.30 0.42 0.58 1.5
## beliefs         0.67 -0.38 0.60 0.40 1.6
## hungry         -0.02  0.75 0.57 0.43 1.0
## tired           0.48  0.54 0.53 0.47 2.0
## pain            0.32  0.64 0.52 0.48 1.5
## nauseated       0.67  0.07 0.46 0.54 1.0
## safe            0.59  0.37 0.49 0.51 1.7
## love            0.79 -0.23 0.68 0.32 1.2
## recognizing     0.70  0.05 0.50 0.50 1.0
## communicating   0.45  0.55 0.51 0.49 1.9
## guilt           0.73 -0.46 0.74 0.26 1.7
## disrespected    0.72 -0.40 0.68 0.32 1.6
## free_will       0.48  0.43 0.41 0.59 2.0
## choices         0.54  0.50 0.54 0.46 2.0
## self_restraint  0.74 -0.21 0.59 0.41 1.2
## intentions      0.51  0.46 0.47 0.53 2.0
## goal            0.46  0.50 0.46 0.54 2.0
## conscious       0.49  0.46 0.45 0.55 2.0
## self_aware      0.73  0.11 0.54 0.46 1.0
## desires         0.69  0.21 0.52 0.48 1.2
## embarrassed     0.68 -0.47 0.69 0.31 1.8
## emo_recog       0.84 -0.21 0.74 0.26 1.1
## joy             0.79  0.03 0.63 0.37 1.0
## morality        0.70 -0.42 0.67 0.33 1.6
## personality     0.83 -0.02 0.70 0.30 1.0
## pleasure        0.71  0.24 0.56 0.44 1.2
## pride           0.72 -0.38 0.67 0.33 1.5
## 
##                         MR1  MR2
## SS loadings           15.47 6.92
## Proportion Var         0.39 0.17
## Cumulative Var         0.39 0.56
## Proportion Explained   0.69 0.31
## Cumulative Proportion  0.69 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.4
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  32.41 with Chi Square of  6055.74
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701  and the objective function was  5.07 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.04 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.04 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  202 with the empirical chi square  492.2  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  202  with MLE Chi Square =  940.72  with prob <  3.2e-09 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.949
## RMSEA index =  0.048  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.034 0.048
## BIC =  -2780.37
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.99 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.98 0.94
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.95 0.88

Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_beetle, nfactors = nfactors_d2_beetle, rotate = "oblimin", 
##     fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.62  0.35 0.66 0.34 1.6
## depressed       0.76  0.08 0.62 0.38 1.0
## fear            0.14  0.64 0.48 0.52 1.1
## angry           0.45  0.35 0.43 0.57 1.9
## calm            0.37  0.55 0.58 0.42 1.8
## sounds         -0.13  0.75 0.51 0.49 1.1
## seeing         -0.23  0.80 0.56 0.44 1.2
## temperature    -0.19  0.70 0.43 0.57 1.1
## odors          -0.14  0.72 0.48 0.52 1.1
## depth           0.06  0.51 0.28 0.72 1.0
## computations    0.61 -0.04 0.36 0.64 1.0
## thoughts        0.53  0.39 0.58 0.42 1.8
## reasoning       0.60  0.23 0.50 0.50 1.3
## remembering     0.21  0.56 0.43 0.57 1.3
## beliefs         0.72 -0.07 0.49 0.51 1.0
## hungry         -0.30  0.71 0.46 0.54 1.3
## tired           0.12  0.67 0.51 0.49 1.1
## pain           -0.06  0.67 0.43 0.57 1.0
## nauseated       0.40  0.34 0.37 0.63 1.9
## safe            0.23  0.57 0.46 0.54 1.3
## love            0.75  0.07 0.60 0.40 1.0
## recognizing     0.47  0.34 0.44 0.56 1.8
## communicating   0.09  0.66 0.48 0.52 1.0
## guilt           0.88 -0.20 0.70 0.30 1.1
## disrespected    0.74 -0.09 0.51 0.49 1.0
## free_will       0.16  0.54 0.37 0.63 1.2
## choices         0.17  0.64 0.51 0.49 1.1
## self_restraint  0.68  0.07 0.50 0.50 1.0
## intentions      0.13  0.61 0.44 0.56 1.1
## goal            0.07  0.61 0.41 0.59 1.0
## conscious       0.12  0.62 0.44 0.56 1.1
## self_aware      0.52  0.34 0.50 0.50 1.7
## desires         0.40  0.45 0.48 0.52 2.0
## embarrassed     0.85 -0.22 0.65 0.35 1.1
## emo_recog       0.80  0.05 0.67 0.33 1.0
## joy             0.56  0.39 0.61 0.39 1.8
## morality        0.78 -0.12 0.56 0.44 1.0
## personality     0.66  0.29 0.65 0.35 1.4
## pleasure        0.43  0.48 0.55 0.45 2.0
## pride           0.81 -0.09 0.62 0.38 1.0
## 
##                         MR1  MR2
## SS loadings           10.66 9.70
## Proportion Var         0.27 0.24
## Cumulative Var         0.27 0.51
## Proportion Explained   0.52 0.48
## Cumulative Proportion  0.52 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##      MR1  MR2
## MR1 1.00 0.33
## MR2 0.33 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.3
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  29.93 with Chi Square of  5592.38
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701  and the objective function was  6.75 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.05 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.05 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  202 with the empirical chi square  735.39  with prob <  0.18 
## The total number of observations was  202  with MLE Chi Square =  1251.92  with prob <  1.2e-33 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.872
## RMSEA index =  0.068  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.057 NA
## BIC =  -2469.17
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.98 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.96 0.95
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.92 0.89

Factor 1

Study 2, BEETLE condition: Rotated Factor 1

	F1
guilt	0.8803545
embarrassed	0.8542553
pride	0.8134527
emo_recog	0.8016504
morality	0.7796767
depressed	0.7579188
love	0.7475632
disrespected	0.7378570
beliefs	0.7237554
self_restraint	0.6782371
personality	0.6622739
happy	0.6247966
computations	0.6148052
reasoning	0.5981875
joy	0.5595771
thoughts	0.5322581
self_aware	0.5203008
recognizing	0.4713972
angry	0.4472759
pleasure	0.4348482
nauseated	0.4041003
desires	0.4037717
calm	0.3731078
safe	0.2282987
remembering	0.2128353
choices	0.1723475
free_will	0.1553498
fear	0.1365334
intentions	0.1298634
tired	0.1208708
conscious	0.1178029
communicating	0.0861402
goal	0.0719750
depth	0.0557840
pain	-0.0555170
sounds	-0.1254721
odors	-0.1419015
temperature	-0.1855424
seeing	-0.2252028
hungry	-0.3005706

Factor 2

Study 2, BEETLE condition: Rotated Factor 2

	F2
seeing	0.7955594
sounds	0.7456164
odors	0.7248234
hungry	0.7141059
temperature	0.6961565
pain	0.6724988
tired	0.6683506
communicating	0.6559583
fear	0.6369419
choices	0.6367620
conscious	0.6160587
goal	0.6141723
intentions	0.6118067
safe	0.5707932
remembering	0.5551369
calm	0.5524617
free_will	0.5412922
depth	0.5052081
pleasure	0.4770327
desires	0.4469858
thoughts	0.3920599
joy	0.3911016
angry	0.3532373
happy	0.3521854
nauseated	0.3410370
recognizing	0.3380248
self_aware	0.3379393
personality	0.2906303
reasoning	0.2260208
depressed	0.0840683
self_restraint	0.0740691
love	0.0740191
emo_recog	0.0526682
computations	-0.0433805
beliefs	-0.0706573
disrespected	-0.0923191
pride	-0.0935499
morality	-0.1178541
guilt	-0.1977198
embarrassed	-0.2160513

Factor 3 (not applicable)

EFA: ROBOT condition

Step 1: Determine how many factors to extract

Step 2: Run EFA without rotation

## The items do not have an equal number of response alternatives, global set to FALSE

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_robot, nfactors = nfactors_d2_robot, rotate = "none", 
##     fm = "minres", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.88 -0.05 0.78 0.22 1.0
## depressed       0.88 -0.10 0.78 0.22 1.0
## fear            0.91  0.02 0.83 0.17 1.0
## angry           0.87 -0.03 0.76 0.24 1.0
## calm            0.75  0.15 0.58 0.42 1.1
## sounds         -0.25  0.75 0.63 0.37 1.2
## seeing          0.08  0.80 0.64 0.36 1.0
## temperature    -0.12  0.74 0.57 0.43 1.1
## odors           0.16  0.63 0.43 0.57 1.1
## depth           0.04  0.64 0.41 0.59 1.0
## computations   -0.42  0.69 0.65 0.35 1.7
## thoughts        0.74  0.16 0.58 0.42 1.1
## reasoning       0.38  0.58 0.48 0.52 1.7
## remembering    -0.06  0.79 0.62 0.38 1.0
## beliefs         0.80  0.13 0.66 0.34 1.1
## hungry          0.90 -0.12 0.83 0.17 1.0
## tired           0.85 -0.05 0.73 0.27 1.0
## pain            0.89 -0.10 0.80 0.20 1.0
## nauseated       0.88 -0.11 0.78 0.22 1.0
## safe            0.82  0.05 0.68 0.32 1.0
## love            0.88 -0.07 0.78 0.22 1.0
## recognizing     0.09  0.76 0.58 0.42 1.0
## communicating  -0.03  0.78 0.60 0.40 1.0
## guilt           0.91 -0.05 0.83 0.17 1.0
## disrespected    0.89 -0.05 0.79 0.21 1.0
## free_will       0.73  0.03 0.54 0.46 1.0
## choices         0.16  0.71 0.52 0.48 1.1
## self_restraint  0.63  0.36 0.53 0.47 1.6
## intentions      0.61  0.35 0.49 0.51 1.6
## goal            0.10  0.77 0.61 0.39 1.0
## conscious       0.76  0.12 0.59 0.41 1.0
## self_aware      0.70  0.30 0.58 0.42 1.4
## desires         0.87 -0.02 0.75 0.25 1.0
## embarrassed     0.89 -0.07 0.80 0.20 1.0
## emo_recog       0.69  0.26 0.55 0.45 1.3
## joy             0.88 -0.03 0.78 0.22 1.0
## morality        0.62  0.37 0.52 0.48 1.6
## personality     0.65  0.28 0.51 0.49 1.4
## pleasure        0.91  0.03 0.84 0.16 1.0
## pride           0.89 -0.07 0.79 0.21 1.0
## 
##                         MR1  MR2
## SS loadings           19.14 7.05
## Proportion Var         0.48 0.18
## Cumulative Var         0.48 0.65
## Proportion Explained   0.73 0.27
## Cumulative Proportion  0.73 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.1
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  43.28 with Chi Square of  8173.42
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701  and the objective function was  5.13 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.03 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  204 with the empirical chi square  295.44  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  204  with MLE Chi Square =  961.01  with prob <  2e-10 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.961
## RMSEA index =  0.049  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.036 0.049
## BIC =  -2767
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.99 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.99 0.94
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.97 0.89

Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_robot, nfactors = nfactors_d2_robot, rotate = "oblimin", 
##     fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.86 -0.03 0.74 0.26 1.0
## depressed       0.92 -0.08 0.82 0.18 1.0
## fear            0.91  0.01 0.83 0.17 1.0
## angry           0.86  0.01 0.73 0.27 1.0
## calm            0.53  0.21 0.36 0.64 1.3
## sounds         -0.19  0.71 0.49 0.51 1.1
## seeing          0.04  0.73 0.54 0.46 1.0
## temperature    -0.07  0.66 0.42 0.58 1.0
## odors           0.07  0.57 0.35 0.65 1.0
## depth          -0.03  0.56 0.31 0.69 1.0
## computations   -0.29  0.65 0.44 0.56 1.4
## thoughts        0.57  0.26 0.44 0.56 1.4
## reasoning       0.19  0.57 0.40 0.60 1.2
## remembering    -0.06  0.73 0.52 0.48 1.0
## beliefs         0.63  0.19 0.47 0.53 1.2
## hungry          0.86 -0.09 0.72 0.28 1.0
## tired           0.79  0.00 0.63 0.37 1.0
## pain            0.86 -0.07 0.73 0.27 1.0
## nauseated       0.86 -0.10 0.72 0.28 1.0
## safe            0.71  0.09 0.53 0.47 1.0
## love            0.89 -0.05 0.77 0.23 1.0
## recognizing     0.07  0.71 0.52 0.48 1.0
## communicating  -0.03  0.73 0.53 0.47 1.0
## guilt           0.91 -0.05 0.81 0.19 1.0
## disrespected    0.87  0.00 0.76 0.24 1.0
## free_will       0.51  0.12 0.30 0.70 1.1
## choices         0.02  0.72 0.52 0.48 1.0
## self_restraint  0.35  0.40 0.32 0.68 2.0
## intentions      0.44  0.38 0.39 0.61 2.0
## goal            0.03  0.74 0.55 0.45 1.0
## conscious       0.62  0.16 0.45 0.55 1.1
## self_aware      0.50  0.35 0.42 0.58 1.8
## desires         0.82  0.08 0.71 0.29 1.0
## embarrassed     0.86 -0.06 0.73 0.27 1.0
## emo_recog       0.52  0.35 0.46 0.54 1.8
## joy             0.87 -0.01 0.76 0.24 1.0
## morality        0.40  0.43 0.40 0.60 2.0
## personality     0.49  0.32 0.39 0.61 1.7
## pleasure        0.86 -0.03 0.72 0.28 1.0
## pride           0.93 -0.03 0.86 0.14 1.0
## 
##                         MR1  MR2
## SS loadings           15.89 6.71
## Proportion Var         0.40 0.17
## Cumulative Var         0.40 0.57
## Proportion Explained   0.70 0.30
## Cumulative Proportion  0.70 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##      MR1  MR2
## MR1 1.00 0.17
## MR2 0.17 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.2
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  38.55 with Chi Square of  7279.24
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701  and the objective function was  8.25 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.05 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.05 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  204 with the empirical chi square  661.88  with prob <  0.85 
## The total number of observations was  204  with MLE Chi Square =  1547.07  with prob <  1.1e-65 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.854
## RMSEA index =  0.083  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.072 NA
## BIC =  -2180.93
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.99 0.96
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.98 0.93
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.97 0.85

Factor 1

Study 2, ROBOT condition: Rotated Factor 1

	F1
pride	0.9305553
depressed	0.9178856
fear	0.9112457
guilt	0.9101970
love	0.8869788
joy	0.8732872
disrespected	0.8711814
happy	0.8648991
embarrassed	0.8632728
nauseated	0.8618791
pain	0.8617204
hungry	0.8594841
angry	0.8555406
pleasure	0.8553076
desires	0.8249609
tired	0.7932471
safe	0.7115840
beliefs	0.6295444
conscious	0.6211557
thoughts	0.5681323
calm	0.5308524
emo_recog	0.5227627
free_will	0.5118449
self_aware	0.4970889
personality	0.4891627
intentions	0.4388387
morality	0.3956186
self_restraint	0.3472334
reasoning	0.1926771
recognizing	0.0663543
odors	0.0661537
seeing	0.0365123
goal	0.0316102
choices	0.0188257
communicating	-0.0266782
depth	-0.0275297
remembering	-0.0625296
temperature	-0.0682218
sounds	-0.1939118
computations	-0.2922289

Factor 2

Study 2, ROBOT condition: Rotated Factor 2

	F2
goal	0.7390096
seeing	0.7308093
communicating	0.7303912
remembering	0.7291375
choices	0.7165656
sounds	0.7081143
recognizing	0.7059270
temperature	0.6556088
computations	0.6460425
odors	0.5740639
reasoning	0.5700562
depth	0.5649050
morality	0.4322313
self_restraint	0.3954423
intentions	0.3786108
emo_recog	0.3533344
self_aware	0.3450476
personality	0.3204362
thoughts	0.2624261
calm	0.2087978
beliefs	0.1871683
conscious	0.1612716
free_will	0.1206103
safe	0.0860659
desires	0.0801130
fear	0.0080766
angry	0.0076457
disrespected	0.0011771
tired	-0.0044641
joy	-0.0052948
pride	-0.0250570
pleasure	-0.0265126
happy	-0.0330416
love	-0.0499342
guilt	-0.0549815
embarrassed	-0.0554178
pain	-0.0711324
depressed	-0.0774049
hungry	-0.0906640
nauseated	-0.0959285

Factor 3 (not applicable)

EFA: ALL conditions

Step 1: Determine how many factors to extract

Step 2: Run EFA without rotation

## The items do not have an equal number of response alternatives, global set to FALSE

## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_all, nfactors = nfactors_d2_all, rotate = "none", fm = "minres", 
##     cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   MR3   h2    u2 com
## happy           0.88 -0.11 -0.13 0.80 0.195 1.1
## depressed       0.84 -0.08 -0.31 0.81 0.185 1.3
## fear            0.81 -0.32  0.28 0.84 0.164 1.6
## angry           0.83 -0.18 -0.04 0.73 0.269 1.1
## calm            0.81 -0.04  0.10 0.67 0.334 1.0
## sounds          0.16  0.64  0.50 0.68 0.315 2.1
## seeing          0.43  0.37  0.63 0.72 0.284 2.4
## temperature     0.24  0.44  0.64 0.66 0.338 2.1
## odors           0.46  0.23  0.60 0.63 0.373 2.2
## depth           0.26  0.57  0.27 0.47 0.531 1.9
## computations   -0.25  0.87 -0.32 0.92 0.078 1.4
## thoughts        0.83 -0.01  0.01 0.68 0.316 1.0
## reasoning       0.44  0.63 -0.20 0.63 0.368 2.0
## remembering     0.17  0.81  0.08 0.69 0.311 1.1
## beliefs         0.69  0.17 -0.41 0.67 0.335 1.8
## hungry          0.64 -0.55  0.48 0.93 0.066 2.9
## tired           0.77 -0.37  0.34 0.84 0.158 1.9
## pain            0.72 -0.45  0.40 0.89 0.106 2.3
## nauseated       0.81 -0.22 -0.03 0.70 0.298 1.1
## safe            0.81 -0.20  0.18 0.73 0.269 1.2
## love            0.82 -0.08 -0.32 0.78 0.216 1.3
## recognizing     0.22  0.81 -0.12 0.72 0.280 1.2
## communicating   0.32  0.64  0.36 0.64 0.356 2.1
## guilt           0.74  0.03 -0.54 0.84 0.158 1.8
## disrespected    0.76 -0.03 -0.46 0.78 0.218 1.6
## free_will       0.73 -0.25  0.31 0.69 0.307 1.6
## choices         0.48  0.52  0.33 0.61 0.391 2.7
## self_restraint  0.66  0.33 -0.25 0.61 0.394 1.8
## intentions      0.72  0.05  0.28 0.60 0.397 1.3
## goal            0.40  0.57  0.36 0.61 0.392 2.6
## conscious       0.76 -0.23  0.28 0.72 0.283 1.5
## self_aware      0.80  0.07  0.00 0.64 0.359 1.0
## desires         0.85 -0.16  0.05 0.75 0.249 1.1
## embarrassed     0.71 -0.01 -0.52 0.77 0.227 1.8
## emo_recog       0.66  0.34 -0.38 0.69 0.308 2.2
## joy             0.87 -0.10 -0.13 0.78 0.219 1.1
## morality        0.53  0.46 -0.43 0.67 0.325 2.9
## personality     0.73  0.29 -0.21 0.65 0.347 1.5
## pleasure        0.85 -0.23  0.10 0.78 0.217 1.2
## pride           0.77 -0.03 -0.45 0.80 0.198 1.6
## 
##                         MR1  MR2  MR3
## SS loadings           17.90 6.23 4.73
## Proportion Var         0.45 0.16 0.12
## Cumulative Var         0.45 0.60 0.72
## Proportion Explained   0.62 0.22 0.16
## Cumulative Proportion  0.62 0.84 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.7
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  67.35 with Chi Square of  26324.14
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663  and the objective function was  26.36 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.03 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  406 with the empirical chi square  525.92  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  406  with MLE Chi Square =  10250.64  with prob <  0 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.556
## RMSEA index =  0.193  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.186 NA
## BIC =  6268.43
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors               1   1   1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors         1   1   1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores    1   1   1

Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_all, nfactors = nfactors_d2_all, rotate = "oblimin", 
##     fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   MR3   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.64  0.38  0.04 0.72 0.28 1.6
## depressed       0.78  0.20 -0.07 0.71 0.29 1.1
## fear            0.17  0.77  0.09 0.75 0.25 1.1
## angry           0.47  0.47  0.05 0.61 0.39 2.0
## calm            0.35  0.45  0.23 0.55 0.45 2.4
## sounds         -0.19  0.03  0.75 0.52 0.48 1.1
## seeing         -0.18  0.36  0.68 0.56 0.44 1.7
## temperature    -0.20  0.25  0.64 0.43 0.57 1.5
## odors          -0.13  0.45  0.52 0.45 0.55 2.1
## depth          -0.02 -0.02  0.59 0.34 0.66 1.0
## computations    0.16 -0.83  0.43 0.79 0.21 1.6
## thoughts        0.46  0.39  0.21 0.58 0.42 2.4
## reasoning       0.37 -0.27  0.49 0.47 0.53 2.5
## remembering     0.07 -0.29  0.72 0.58 0.42 1.3
## beliefs         0.65 -0.08  0.09 0.44 0.56 1.1
## hungry         -0.07  0.95 -0.06 0.86 0.14 1.0
## tired           0.10  0.82  0.10 0.77 0.23 1.1
## pain            0.01  0.90  0.02 0.82 0.18 1.0
## nauseated       0.38  0.51  0.04 0.54 0.46 1.9
## safe            0.27  0.61  0.14 0.62 0.38 1.5
## love            0.74  0.20 -0.04 0.66 0.34 1.1
## recognizing     0.26 -0.42  0.61 0.59 0.41 2.2
## communicating  -0.01  0.01  0.73 0.54 0.46 1.0
## guilt           0.90 -0.06 -0.13 0.73 0.27 1.1
## disrespected    0.78  0.04 -0.08 0.60 0.40 1.0
## free_will       0.12  0.67  0.15 0.56 0.44 1.2
## choices         0.05  0.12  0.69 0.53 0.47 1.1
## self_restraint  0.49 -0.07  0.27 0.37 0.63 1.6
## intentions      0.17  0.48  0.35 0.50 0.50 2.1
## goal            0.01  0.08  0.69 0.49 0.51 1.0
## conscious       0.17  0.68  0.16 0.62 0.38 1.2
## self_aware      0.45  0.31  0.23 0.52 0.48 2.3
## desires         0.40  0.54  0.12 0.64 0.36 2.0
## embarrassed     0.86 -0.05 -0.14 0.67 0.33 1.1
## emo_recog       0.66 -0.14  0.25 0.55 0.45 1.4
## joy             0.60  0.39  0.08 0.69 0.31 1.8
## morality        0.57 -0.29  0.27 0.45 0.55 2.0
## personality     0.59  0.01  0.28 0.53 0.47 1.4
## pleasure        0.40  0.60  0.08 0.70 0.30 1.8
## pride           0.85  0.04 -0.09 0.71 0.29 1.0
## 
##                        MR1  MR2  MR3
## SS loadings           9.20 8.66 5.91
## Proportion Var        0.23 0.22 0.15
## Cumulative Var        0.23 0.45 0.59
## Proportion Explained  0.39 0.36 0.25
## Cumulative Proportion 0.39 0.75 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##      MR1  MR2  MR3
## MR1 1.00 0.32 0.29
## MR2 0.32 1.00 0.09
## MR3 0.29 0.09 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.5
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  33.07 with Chi Square of  12924.08
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663  and the objective function was  3.93 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.03 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  406 with the empirical chi square  607.3  with prob <  0.94 
## The total number of observations was  406  with MLE Chi Square =  1526.24  with prob <  6.5e-70 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.916
## RMSEA index =  0.059  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.053 0.06
## BIC =  -2455.97
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2  MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.98 0.98 0.96
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.96 0.97 0.92
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.92 0.93 0.85

Factor 1

Study 2, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 1

	F1
guilt	0.9018117
embarrassed	0.8644501
pride	0.8512502
disrespected	0.7816774
depressed	0.7768355
love	0.7414486
emo_recog	0.6627206
beliefs	0.6530539
happy	0.6389639
joy	0.5955045
personality	0.5895859
morality	0.5678485
self_restraint	0.4896610
angry	0.4699806
thoughts	0.4556764
self_aware	0.4531171
desires	0.3967682
pleasure	0.3961616
nauseated	0.3817812
reasoning	0.3696592
calm	0.3545488
safe	0.2740405
recognizing	0.2635986
fear	0.1748140
intentions	0.1677811
conscious	0.1661887
computations	0.1605288
free_will	0.1214247
tired	0.0998412
remembering	0.0669193
choices	0.0506938
pain	0.0109853
goal	0.0097885
communicating	-0.0058206
depth	-0.0221118
hungry	-0.0701970
odors	-0.1325338
seeing	-0.1758959
sounds	-0.1907316
temperature	-0.2031845

Factor 2

Study 2, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 2

	F2
hungry	0.9477598
pain	0.8997743
tired	0.8211861
fear	0.7720673
conscious	0.6809673
free_will	0.6666312
safe	0.6132382
pleasure	0.5988310
desires	0.5396944
nauseated	0.5082342
intentions	0.4794387
angry	0.4746162
calm	0.4519300
odors	0.4513555
thoughts	0.3896041
joy	0.3884269
happy	0.3754179
seeing	0.3633246
self_aware	0.3113616
temperature	0.2470464
love	0.1968049
depressed	0.1953708
choices	0.1215030
goal	0.0803831
pride	0.0435385
disrespected	0.0432014
sounds	0.0329935
communicating	0.0125797
personality	0.0087852
depth	-0.0216847
embarrassed	-0.0526589
guilt	-0.0599803
self_restraint	-0.0705879
beliefs	-0.0789678
emo_recog	-0.1375540
reasoning	-0.2659083
remembering	-0.2857466
morality	-0.2909780
recognizing	-0.4248210
computations	-0.8272856

Factor 3

Study 2, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 3

	F3
sounds	0.7505277
communicating	0.7324933
remembering	0.7179818
choices	0.6876736
goal	0.6864950
seeing	0.6753770
temperature	0.6380509
recognizing	0.6097092
depth	0.5895839
odors	0.5173410
reasoning	0.4918902
computations	0.4347000
intentions	0.3500669
personality	0.2837250
self_restraint	0.2716401
morality	0.2705058
emo_recog	0.2495774
calm	0.2327532
self_aware	0.2258684
thoughts	0.2055088
conscious	0.1560888
free_will	0.1466452
safe	0.1388006
desires	0.1230747
tired	0.0989842
fear	0.0949720
beliefs	0.0927408
pleasure	0.0785267
joy	0.0781520
angry	0.0477393
happy	0.0449535
nauseated	0.0353175
pain	0.0157851
love	-0.0444002
hungry	-0.0622055
depressed	-0.0654152
disrespected	-0.0843699
pride	-0.0904020
guilt	-0.1296249
embarrassed	-0.1366754

Confirmatory factor analysis

CFA: All conditions

ModelDD: Data-driven, three factors (experience, MR2, MR3; see Study 1)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (406) too small to compute Gamma

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  71 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           406
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             5874.371    4718.358
##   Degrees of freedom                               737         737
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.398
##   Shift parameter                                          516.425
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic            40417.402    5890.214
##   Degrees of freedom                               780         780
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.870       0.221
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.863       0.175
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.131       0.115
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.128  0.134       0.112  0.119
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.130       0.130
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   MR1 =~                                              
##     embarrassed       1.000                           
##     pride             1.406    0.134   10.504    0.000
##     guilt             1.119    0.088   12.748    0.000
##     love              1.879    0.218    8.620    0.000
##     disrespected      1.274    0.135    9.429    0.000
##     depressed         1.789    0.220    8.132    0.000
##     beliefs           1.175    0.140    8.417    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.504    0.163    9.216    0.000
##     joy               2.472    0.312    7.932    0.000
##     personality       2.126    0.252    8.439    0.000
##     happy             2.698    0.331    8.162    0.000
##     morality          1.053    0.124    8.497    0.000
##     angry             2.496    0.321    7.771    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.602    0.197    8.151    0.000
##     thoughts          2.730    0.369    7.396    0.000
##     self_aware        2.726    0.354    7.704    0.000
##   MR2 =~                                              
##     hungry            1.000                           
##     pain              0.975    0.032   30.172    0.000
##     tired             0.923    0.036   25.923    0.000
##     fear              0.932    0.041   22.831    0.000
##     pleasure          0.805    0.042   19.095    0.000
##     conscious         0.855    0.041   21.043    0.000
##     free_will         0.779    0.044   17.680    0.000
##     safe              0.808    0.041   19.503    0.000
##     desires           0.758    0.045   16.987    0.000
##     calm              0.757    0.043   17.565    0.000
##     nauseated         0.580    0.044   13.120    0.000
##     odors             0.517    0.043   11.936    0.000
##     intentions        0.760    0.046   16.545    0.000
##   MR3 =~                                              
##     remembering       1.000                           
##     temperature       1.087    0.166    6.567    0.000
##     recognizing       0.983    0.133    7.404    0.000
##     seeing            1.571    0.201    7.814    0.000
##     communicating     1.305    0.154    8.454    0.000
##     sounds            0.912    0.122    7.491    0.000
##     depth             1.030    0.148    6.965    0.000
##     goal              1.561    0.194    8.039    0.000
##     choices           1.626    0.201    8.096    0.000
##     reasoning         1.038    0.144    7.201    0.000
##     computations     -0.403    0.187   -2.157    0.031
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   MR1 ~~                                              
##     MR2               0.758    0.108    7.018    0.000
##     MR3               0.216    0.046    4.658    0.000
##   MR2 ~~                                              
##     MR3               0.793    0.131    6.056    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     embarrassed      -2.571    0.047  -54.183    0.000
##     pride            -2.416    0.056  -43.475    0.000
##     guilt            -2.525    0.050  -50.419    0.000
##     love             -2.288    0.066  -34.846    0.000
##     disrespected     -2.475    0.054  -46.084    0.000
##     depressed        -2.365    0.062  -38.335    0.000
##     beliefs          -2.392    0.059  -40.333    0.000
##     emo_recog        -2.047    0.068  -30.267    0.000
##     joy              -2.039    0.075  -27.360    0.000
##     personality      -1.640    0.082  -19.945    0.000
##     happy            -1.936    0.081  -24.033    0.000
##     morality         -2.057    0.073  -28.310    0.000
##     angry            -1.914    0.081  -23.762    0.000
##     self_restraint   -1.887    0.082  -23.073    0.000
##     thoughts         -1.608    0.085  -18.989    0.000
##     self_aware       -1.520    0.091  -16.743    0.000
##     hungry           -0.303    0.135   -2.242    0.025
##     pain             -0.805    0.121   -6.653    0.000
##     tired            -1.143    0.108  -10.542    0.000
##     fear             -1.180    0.107  -10.985    0.000
##     pleasure         -1.599    0.091  -17.584    0.000
##     conscious        -1.091    0.105  -10.434    0.000
##     free_will        -1.232    0.103  -12.012    0.000
##     safe             -1.355    0.096  -14.096    0.000
##     desires          -1.670    0.088  -18.891    0.000
##     calm             -1.512    0.093  -16.291    0.000
##     nauseated        -2.032    0.076  -26.636    0.000
##     odors             0.584    0.102    5.743    0.000
##     intentions       -0.862    0.102   -8.482    0.000
##     remembering       0.177    0.107    1.650    0.099
##     temperature       1.345    0.094   14.275    0.000
##     recognizing      -0.283    0.107   -2.637    0.008
##     seeing            1.069    0.103   10.427    0.000
##     communicating     0.665    0.096    6.944    0.000
##     sounds            1.522    0.090   16.871    0.000
##     depth             0.059    0.104    0.569    0.570
##     goal              0.293    0.107    2.736    0.006
##     choices          -0.005    0.100   -0.049    0.961
##     reasoning        -1.254    0.093  -13.470    0.000
##     computations     -0.096    0.129   -0.747    0.455
##     MR1               0.000                           
##     MR2               0.000                           
##     MR3               0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     embarrassed       0.625    0.091    6.875    0.000
##     pride             0.684    0.090    7.636    0.000
##     guilt             0.657    0.075    8.715    0.000
##     love              0.734    0.091    8.090    0.000
##     disrespected      0.703    0.105    6.727    0.000
##     depressed         0.623    0.078    8.027    0.000
##     beliefs           1.028    0.157    6.550    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.203    0.127    9.505    0.000
##     joy               0.498    0.080    6.257    0.000
##     personality       1.443    0.168    8.571    0.000
##     happy             0.541    0.090    5.986    0.000
##     morality          1.820    0.189    9.643    0.000
##     angry             0.841    0.118    7.145    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.973    0.240    8.231    0.000
##     thoughts          0.768    0.134    5.733    0.000
##     self_aware        1.206    0.175    6.909    0.000
##     hungry            3.563    0.275   12.942    0.000
##     pain              2.292    0.220   10.396    0.000
##     tired             1.495    0.167    8.973    0.000
##     fear              1.339    0.154    8.684    0.000
##     pleasure          0.864    0.130    6.671    0.000
##     conscious         1.626    0.175    9.304    0.000
##     free_will         1.929    0.203    9.513    0.000
##     safe              1.237    0.149    8.304    0.000
##     desires           0.960    0.125    7.685    0.000
##     calm              1.294    0.182    7.118    0.000
##     nauseated         1.066    0.111    9.618    0.000
##     odors             3.160    0.175   18.107    0.000
##     intentions        1.970    0.196   10.033    0.000
##     remembering       3.618    0.238   15.190    0.000
##     temperature       2.341    0.202   11.593    0.000
##     recognizing       3.646    0.238   15.304    0.000
##     seeing            1.637    0.242    6.774    0.000
##     communicating     1.909    0.205    9.325    0.000
##     sounds            2.413    0.199   12.148    0.000
##     depth             3.250    0.238   13.658    0.000
##     goal              2.061    0.257    8.020    0.000
##     choices           1.249    0.244    5.123    0.000
##     reasoning         2.365    0.224   10.538    0.000
##     computations      6.532    0.215   30.334    0.000
##     MR1               0.287    0.076    3.794    0.000
##     MR2               3.833    0.295   12.973    0.000
##     MR3               1.061    0.246    4.306    0.000

ModelWDM: Theoretical, three factors (AFFECT, AUTONOMY, PERCEPTION; see Weisman et al., 2015)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  44 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           406
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic              396.742     642.359
##   Degrees of freedom                               101         101
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.660
##   Shift parameter                                           41.479
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             6208.363    1881.899
##   Degrees of freedom                               120         120
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.951       0.693
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.942       0.635
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.085       0.115
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.076  0.094       0.107  0.124
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.084       0.084
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   affect =~                                           
##     happy             1.000                           
##     depressed         0.605    0.048   12.637    0.000
##     fear              1.339    0.086   15.584    0.000
##     angry             0.974    0.068   14.245    0.000
##     calm              1.179    0.069   17.074    0.000
##     joy               0.935    0.041   22.643    0.000
##   perception =~                                       
##     sounds            1.000                           
##     seeing            1.664    0.183    9.100    0.000
##     temperature       1.236    0.140    8.801    0.000
##     odors             1.661    0.178    9.309    0.000
##     depth             1.089    0.133    8.165    0.000
##   autonomy =~                                         
##     free_will         1.000                           
##     choices           0.911    0.077   11.901    0.000
##     self_restraint    0.558    0.069    8.056    0.000
##     intentions        1.102    0.081   13.647    0.000
##     goal              0.910    0.087   10.510    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   affect ~~                                           
##     perception        0.508    0.091    5.597    0.000
##     autonomy          1.313    0.163    8.055    0.000
##   perception ~~                                       
##     autonomy          1.045    0.140    7.474    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     happy            -1.936    0.081  -24.033    0.000
##     depressed        -2.365    0.062  -38.335    0.000
##     fear             -1.180    0.107  -10.985    0.000
##     angry            -1.914    0.081  -23.762    0.000
##     calm             -1.512    0.093  -16.291    0.000
##     joy              -2.039    0.075  -27.360    0.000
##     sounds            1.522    0.090   16.871    0.000
##     seeing            1.069    0.103   10.427    0.000
##     temperature       1.345    0.094   14.275    0.000
##     odors             0.584    0.102    5.743    0.000
##     depth             0.059    0.104    0.569    0.570
##     free_will        -1.232    0.103  -12.012    0.000
##     choices          -0.005    0.100   -0.049    0.961
##     self_restraint   -1.887    0.082  -23.073    0.000
##     intentions       -0.862    0.102   -8.482    0.000
##     goal              0.293    0.107    2.736    0.006
##     affect            0.000                           
##     perception        0.000                           
##     autonomy          0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     happy             0.903    0.117    7.741    0.000
##     depressed         0.909    0.111    8.197    0.000
##     fear              1.577    0.217    7.257    0.000
##     angry             0.991    0.131    7.563    0.000
##     calm              1.094    0.173    6.308    0.000
##     joy               0.741    0.089    8.362    0.000
##     sounds            2.313    0.191   12.111    0.000
##     seeing            1.533    0.209    7.324    0.000
##     temperature       2.092    0.187   11.212    0.000
##     odors             1.468    0.208    7.052    0.000
##     depth             3.209    0.236   13.626    0.000
##     free_will         2.420    0.224   10.803    0.000
##     choices           2.529    0.181   13.976    0.000
##     self_restraint    2.135    0.209   10.219    0.000
##     intentions        1.953    0.191   10.228    0.000
##     goal              3.124    0.203   15.366    0.000
##     affect            1.725    0.214    8.051    0.000
##     perception        0.984    0.204    4.824    0.000
##     autonomy          1.837    0.248    7.404    0.000

ModelGGW: Theoretical, two factors (AGENCY, EXPERIENCE; see Gray et al., 2007)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  50 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           406
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             1165.416    1500.337
##   Degrees of freedom                               134         134
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.815
##   Shift parameter                                           70.525
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             9469.468    2386.219
##   Degrees of freedom                               153         153
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.889       0.388
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.874       0.301
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.138       0.159
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.131  0.145       0.151  0.166
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.137       0.137
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   experience =~                                       
##     hungry            1.000                           
##     fear              0.932    0.041   22.562    0.000
##     pain              0.992    0.034   28.940    0.000
##     pleasure          0.817    0.043   19.109    0.000
##     angry             0.657    0.048   13.672    0.000
##     desires           0.767    0.045   17.157    0.000
##     personality       0.482    0.050    9.561    0.000
##     conscious         0.826    0.040   20.493    0.000
##     pride             0.330    0.040    8.265    0.000
##     embarrassed       0.225    0.034    6.565    0.000
##     joy               0.628    0.045   14.122    0.000
##   agency =~                                           
##     self_restraint    1.000                           
##     morality          0.638    0.091    6.983    0.000
##     remembering       0.506    0.130    3.895    0.000
##     emo_recog         0.908    0.099    9.156    0.000
##     goal              1.107    0.150    7.375    0.000
##     communicating     0.845    0.136    6.198    0.000
##     thoughts          1.806    0.203    8.896    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   experience ~~                                       
##     agency            1.118    0.145    7.695    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     hungry           -0.303    0.135   -2.242    0.025
##     fear             -1.180    0.107  -10.985    0.000
##     pain             -0.805    0.121   -6.653    0.000
##     pleasure         -1.599    0.091  -17.584    0.000
##     angry            -1.914    0.081  -23.762    0.000
##     desires          -1.670    0.088  -18.891    0.000
##     personality      -1.640    0.082  -19.945    0.000
##     conscious        -1.091    0.105  -10.434    0.000
##     pride            -2.416    0.056  -43.475    0.000
##     embarrassed      -2.571    0.047  -54.183    0.000
##     joy              -2.039    0.075  -27.360    0.000
##     self_restraint   -1.887    0.082  -23.073    0.000
##     morality         -2.057    0.073  -28.310    0.000
##     remembering       0.177    0.107    1.650    0.099
##     emo_recog        -2.047    0.068  -30.267    0.000
##     goal              0.293    0.107    2.736    0.006
##     communicating     0.665    0.096    6.944    0.000
##     thoughts         -1.608    0.085  -18.989    0.000
##     experience        0.000                           
##     agency            0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     hungry            3.695    0.282   13.121    0.000
##     fear              1.456    0.159    9.187    0.000
##     pain              2.289    0.219   10.473    0.000
##     pleasure          0.878    0.118    7.469    0.000
##     angry             1.032    0.112    9.239    0.000
##     desires           0.989    0.124    7.973    0.000
##     personality       1.879    0.169   11.127    0.000
##     conscious         1.900    0.193    9.852    0.000
##     pride             0.847    0.106    7.987    0.000
##     embarrassed       0.725    0.106    6.867    0.000
##     joy               0.788    0.084    9.373    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.823    0.234    7.802    0.000
##     morality          1.778    0.189    9.427    0.000
##     remembering       4.453    0.188   23.713    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.123    0.119    9.409    0.000
##     goal              3.564    0.214   16.653    0.000
##     communicating     3.083    0.185   16.657    0.000
##     thoughts          0.020    0.187    0.109    0.913
##     experience        3.702    0.301   12.292    0.000
##     agency            0.885    0.168    5.270    0.000

Study 3 (2016-01-10, 2 conditions, within-subjects)

Demographics

## Warning in mutate_impl(.data, dots): NAs introduced by coercion

Study 3: Exclusion

did_not_finish	failed_catch_trial	did_not_provide_yob	too_young	TOTAL_excluded	TOTAL_participated	OVERALL_TOTAL
13	7	4	0	24	400	424

Study 3: Sample size

condition	n
beetle	200
robot	200
all	200

Study 3: Study duration (minutes)

condition	min_duration	max_duration	median_duration	mean_duration	sd_duration
within-subjects	1.33	36.43	5.46	6.44	3.92

Study 3: Participant age (years; approximate)

condition	min_age	max_age	median_age	mean_age	sd_age
within-subjects	20	68	33	36.84	11.28

Study 3: Participant gender

condition	m	f	other
all	202	198	0

Study 3: Participant race/ethnicity

condition	asian_east	asian_south	black	hispanic	multiracial	white
all	30	4	38	16	22	290

Study 3: Participant religion

condition	buddhism	christianity	islam	none	other	other_prefno
all	10	176	6	190	6	12

Exploratory factor analysis

EFA: ALL conditions

Step 1: Determine how many factors to extract

Step 2: Run EFA without rotation

## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d3_all, nfactors = nfactors_d3_all, rotate = "none", fm = "minres", 
##     cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   MR3   h2    u2 com
## happy           0.92 -0.05 -0.10 0.85 0.145 1.0
## depressed       0.86  0.00 -0.28 0.82 0.180 1.2
## fear            0.85 -0.36  0.10 0.86 0.142 1.4
## angry           0.88 -0.12 -0.12 0.80 0.196 1.1
## calm            0.87 -0.10  0.05 0.77 0.233 1.0
## sounds          0.36  0.41  0.64 0.71 0.295 2.4
## seeing          0.47  0.15  0.63 0.65 0.352 2.0
## temperature     0.49  0.17  0.67 0.71 0.288 2.0
## odors           0.60 -0.03  0.51 0.62 0.380 2.0
## depth           0.44  0.37  0.44 0.53 0.474 2.9
## computations   -0.42  0.80 -0.18 0.84 0.156 1.6
## thoughts        0.87  0.05  0.00 0.76 0.243 1.0
## reasoning       0.45  0.69 -0.06 0.68 0.321 1.7
## remembering     0.25  0.73  0.21 0.63 0.367 1.4
## beliefs         0.68  0.25 -0.39 0.68 0.324 1.9
## hungry          0.74 -0.58  0.26 0.96 0.042 2.2
## tired           0.83 -0.41  0.12 0.88 0.124 1.5
## pain            0.78 -0.52  0.22 0.92 0.083 1.9
## nauseated       0.85 -0.26 -0.01 0.80 0.202 1.2
## safe            0.82 -0.24  0.10 0.74 0.263 1.2
## love            0.89  0.02 -0.18 0.82 0.180 1.1
## recognizing     0.25  0.79  0.11 0.71 0.295 1.2
## communicating   0.25  0.66  0.25 0.56 0.438 1.6
## guilt           0.80  0.14 -0.39 0.82 0.184 1.5
## disrespected    0.80  0.12 -0.36 0.79 0.213 1.4
## free_will       0.86 -0.22  0.07 0.79 0.214 1.1
## choices         0.60  0.35  0.29 0.56 0.439 2.1
## self_restraint  0.69  0.25 -0.23 0.59 0.406 1.5
## intentions      0.77  0.00  0.17 0.62 0.375 1.1
## goal            0.50  0.44  0.27 0.52 0.484 2.5
## conscious       0.87 -0.21  0.04 0.80 0.199 1.1
## self_aware      0.81  0.00 -0.02 0.65 0.351 1.0
## desires         0.88 -0.23  0.08 0.84 0.161 1.1
## embarrassed     0.78  0.09 -0.45 0.83 0.174 1.6
## emo_recog       0.68  0.43 -0.23 0.70 0.301 1.9
## joy             0.90 -0.05 -0.13 0.83 0.173 1.0
## morality        0.48  0.57 -0.31 0.66 0.340 2.5
## personality     0.75  0.33 -0.14 0.69 0.307 1.4
## pleasure        0.89 -0.24  0.02 0.84 0.156 1.1
## pride           0.82  0.09 -0.37 0.82 0.180 1.4
## 
##                         MR1  MR2  MR3
## SS loadings           20.83 5.43 3.36
## Proportion Var         0.52 0.14 0.08
## Cumulative Var         0.52 0.66 0.74
## Proportion Explained   0.70 0.18 0.11
## Cumulative Proportion  0.70 0.89 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.6
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  92.65 with Chi Square of  35656.62
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663  and the objective function was  47.49 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.03 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  400 with the empirical chi square  591.25  with prob <  0.98 
## The total number of observations was  400  with MLE Chi Square =  18180.82  with prob <  0 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.406
## RMSEA index =  0.263  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.254 NA
## BIC =  14208.48
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors               1   1   1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors         1   1   1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores    1   1   1

Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d3_all, nfactors = nfactors_d3_all, rotate = "oblimin", 
##     fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR1   MR2   MR3   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.68  0.30  0.08 0.77 0.23 1.4
## depressed       0.80  0.13 -0.07 0.69 0.31 1.1
## fear            0.30  0.67  0.09 0.75 0.25 1.4
## angry           0.62  0.35  0.03 0.69 0.31 1.6
## calm            0.44  0.42  0.21 0.66 0.34 2.4
## sounds         -0.18  0.12  0.70 0.45 0.55 1.2
## seeing         -0.20  0.31  0.62 0.43 0.57 1.7
## temperature    -0.23  0.34  0.66 0.50 0.50 1.8
## odors          -0.10  0.49  0.47 0.47 0.53 2.1
## depth          -0.02  0.09  0.61 0.38 0.62 1.0
## computations    0.14 -0.89  0.21 0.72 0.28 1.2
## thoughts        0.50  0.30  0.27 0.67 0.33 2.3
## reasoning       0.37 -0.35  0.53 0.54 0.46 2.6
## remembering     0.11 -0.31  0.64 0.49 0.51 1.5
## beliefs         0.69 -0.11  0.02 0.44 0.56 1.1
## hungry          0.00  0.93  0.01 0.87 0.13 1.0
## tired           0.25  0.74  0.04 0.78 0.22 1.2
## pain            0.06  0.88  0.05 0.84 0.16 1.0
## nauseated       0.47  0.50  0.01 0.66 0.34 2.0
## safe            0.29  0.58  0.15 0.63 0.37 1.6
## love            0.72  0.20  0.04 0.70 0.30 1.2
## recognizing     0.24 -0.46  0.61 0.59 0.41 2.2
## communicating   0.07 -0.25  0.60 0.40 0.60 1.4
## guilt           0.83 -0.05 -0.07 0.63 0.37 1.0
## disrespected    0.82 -0.02 -0.07 0.61 0.39 1.0
## free_will       0.33  0.56  0.16 0.66 0.34 1.8
## choices         0.09  0.13  0.61 0.47 0.53 1.1
## self_restraint  0.57 -0.01  0.18 0.43 0.57 1.2
## intentions      0.24  0.41  0.34 0.52 0.48 2.6
## goal            0.11  0.01  0.57 0.39 0.61 1.1
## conscious       0.34  0.56  0.18 0.68 0.32 1.9
## self_aware      0.44  0.31  0.21 0.54 0.46 2.3
## desires         0.37  0.59  0.16 0.75 0.25 1.9
## embarrassed     0.83 -0.05 -0.12 0.60 0.40 1.1
## emo_recog       0.62 -0.14  0.25 0.51 0.49 1.4
## joy             0.70  0.28  0.04 0.76 0.24 1.3
## morality        0.52 -0.32  0.28 0.41 0.59 2.2
## personality     0.60 -0.02  0.28 0.57 0.43 1.4
## pleasure        0.47  0.55  0.07 0.76 0.24 2.0
## pride           0.84  0.00 -0.07 0.66 0.34 1.0
## 
##                         MR1  MR2  MR3
## SS loadings           10.49 8.21 5.35
## Proportion Var         0.26 0.21 0.13
## Cumulative Var         0.26 0.47 0.60
## Proportion Explained   0.44 0.34 0.22
## Cumulative Proportion  0.44 0.78 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##      MR1  MR2  MR3
## MR1 1.00 0.38 0.40
## MR2 0.38 1.00 0.16
## MR3 0.40 0.16 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.6
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  34.22 with Chi Square of  13170.85
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663  and the objective function was  3.58 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.03 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  400 with the empirical chi square  526.02  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  400  with MLE Chi Square =  1371.31  with prob <  1.4e-51 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.932
## RMSEA index =  0.054  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.048 0.056
## BIC =  -2601.03
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR1  MR2  MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.98 0.98 0.95
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.96 0.96 0.90
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.92 0.93 0.81

Factor 1

Study 3, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 1

	F1
pride	0.8355655
guilt	0.8343019
embarrassed	0.8294130
disrespected	0.8162977
depressed	0.7982484
love	0.7198466
joy	0.7022254
beliefs	0.6923427
happy	0.6817983
emo_recog	0.6246103
angry	0.6218072
personality	0.6045677
self_restraint	0.5661369
morality	0.5242637
thoughts	0.4997066
nauseated	0.4719554
pleasure	0.4663574
self_aware	0.4418902
calm	0.4395396
reasoning	0.3741904
desires	0.3698248
conscious	0.3424203
free_will	0.3343673
fear	0.3028950
safe	0.2853295
tired	0.2468717
intentions	0.2389793
recognizing	0.2380664
computations	0.1414391
goal	0.1149527
remembering	0.1149484
choices	0.0940551
communicating	0.0744099
pain	0.0643083
hungry	0.0028932
depth	-0.0168866
odors	-0.1049849
sounds	-0.1848926
seeing	-0.2004686
temperature	-0.2296458

Factor 2

Study 3, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 2

	F2
hungry	0.9310065
pain	0.8783099
tired	0.7447308
fear	0.6737192
desires	0.5867782
safe	0.5828178
free_will	0.5581014
conscious	0.5551105
pleasure	0.5511893
nauseated	0.5017473
odors	0.4868042
calm	0.4248659
intentions	0.4054190
angry	0.3486169
temperature	0.3405954
self_aware	0.3149236
seeing	0.3090220
happy	0.3005960
thoughts	0.3005739
joy	0.2845572
love	0.2012057
choices	0.1280229
depressed	0.1263512
sounds	0.1155786
depth	0.0854566
goal	0.0130670
pride	0.0018078
self_restraint	-0.0143414
personality	-0.0224117
disrespected	-0.0230586
guilt	-0.0458504
embarrassed	-0.0481279
beliefs	-0.1117514
emo_recog	-0.1441830
communicating	-0.2518920
remembering	-0.3145192
morality	-0.3176953
reasoning	-0.3525384
recognizing	-0.4644066
computations	-0.8882576

Factor 3

Study 3, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 3

	F3
sounds	0.7036938
temperature	0.6615971
remembering	0.6388390
seeing	0.6199357
recognizing	0.6120320
depth	0.6083815
choices	0.6074725
communicating	0.5954826
goal	0.5669244
reasoning	0.5268238
odors	0.4716850
intentions	0.3400562
personality	0.2810219
morality	0.2767068
thoughts	0.2744226
emo_recog	0.2475554
self_aware	0.2066225
computations	0.2058084
calm	0.2054790
self_restraint	0.1837816
conscious	0.1796148
free_will	0.1613377
desires	0.1601078
safe	0.1492822
fear	0.0891959
happy	0.0769024
pleasure	0.0686854
pain	0.0462202
tired	0.0435106
joy	0.0427298
love	0.0412117
angry	0.0291800
beliefs	0.0225511
nauseated	0.0139352
hungry	0.0056931
pride	-0.0672287
disrespected	-0.0675821
depressed	-0.0720569
guilt	-0.0744155
embarrassed	-0.1246714

Confirmatory factor analysis

CFA: All conditions

ModelDD: Data-driven, three factors (MR1, MR2, MR3; see Study 1)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (400) too small to compute Gamma

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  84 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           400
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             4334.760    4162.746
##   Degrees of freedom                               737         737
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  1.187
##   Shift parameter                                          511.646
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic            56838.007    7970.197
##   Degrees of freedom                               780         780
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.936       0.524
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.932       0.496
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.111       0.108
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.107  0.114       0.105  0.111
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.111       0.111
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   MR1 =~                                              
##     embarrassed       1.000                           
##     pride             1.433    0.126   11.417    0.000
##     guilt             1.074    0.118    9.112    0.000
##     love              1.872    0.191    9.801    0.000
##     disrespected      1.133    0.123    9.206    0.000
##     depressed         1.432    0.149    9.612    0.000
##     beliefs           1.007    0.126    7.964    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.350    0.144    9.361    0.000
##     joy               2.129    0.207   10.291    0.000
##     personality       1.797    0.174   10.326    0.000
##     happy             2.204    0.213   10.343    0.000
##     morality          0.909    0.125    7.273    0.000
##     angry             2.177    0.218    9.997    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.541    0.189    8.139    0.000
##     thoughts          2.365    0.244    9.696    0.000
##     self_aware        2.131    0.219    9.718    0.000
##   MR2 =~                                              
##     hungry            1.000                           
##     pain              0.970    0.031   31.622    0.000
##     tired             0.978    0.032   30.786    0.000
##     fear              0.969    0.033   29.628    0.000
##     pleasure          0.893    0.037   23.821    0.000
##     conscious         0.970    0.035   27.472    0.000
##     free_will         0.923    0.041   22.549    0.000
##     safe              0.859    0.038   22.668    0.000
##     desires           0.910    0.036   25.494    0.000
##     calm              0.859    0.039   22.212    0.000
##     nauseated         0.749    0.039   19.094    0.000
##     odors             0.574    0.041   14.160    0.000
##     intentions        0.783    0.041   19.327    0.000
##   MR3 =~                                              
##     remembering       1.000                           
##     temperature       1.587    0.277    5.724    0.000
##     recognizing       0.967    0.183    5.288    0.000
##     seeing            1.426    0.252    5.665    0.000
##     communicating     0.928    0.190    4.898    0.000
##     sounds            1.027    0.196    5.238    0.000
##     depth             1.543    0.261    5.914    0.000
##     goal              1.809    0.297    6.090    0.000
##     choices           2.063    0.343    6.015    0.000
##     reasoning         1.453    0.237    6.137    0.000
##     computations     -1.990    0.464   -4.292    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   MR1 ~~                                              
##     MR2               1.330    0.156    8.511    0.000
##     MR3               0.338    0.076    4.454    0.000
##   MR2 ~~                                              
##     MR3               0.974    0.180    5.412    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     embarrassed      -2.385    0.064  -37.134    0.000
##     pride            -2.080    0.079  -26.225    0.000
##     guilt            -2.365    0.064  -36.823    0.000
##     love             -1.893    0.087  -21.633    0.000
##     disrespected     -2.295    0.067  -34.337    0.000
##     depressed        -2.167    0.073  -29.598    0.000
##     beliefs          -2.167    0.072  -30.242    0.000
##     emo_recog        -1.720    0.086  -19.956    0.000
##     joy              -1.665    0.094  -17.786    0.000
##     personality      -1.210    0.098  -12.285    0.000
##     happy            -1.630    0.095  -17.203    0.000
##     morality         -1.677    0.089  -18.936    0.000
##     angry            -1.577    0.099  -15.969    0.000
##     self_restraint   -1.472    0.096  -15.305    0.000
##     thoughts         -1.002    0.106   -9.473    0.000
##     self_aware       -1.107    0.106  -10.449    0.000
##     hungry           -0.155    0.138   -1.119    0.263
##     pain             -0.515    0.129   -3.999    0.000
##     tired            -0.730    0.123   -5.915    0.000
##     fear             -0.835    0.120   -6.948    0.000
##     pleasure         -1.215    0.108  -11.285    0.000
##     conscious        -0.718    0.121   -5.927    0.000
##     free_will        -0.950    0.117   -8.116    0.000
##     safe             -0.815    0.113   -7.182    0.000
##     desires          -1.042    0.109   -9.588    0.000
##     calm             -1.085    0.108  -10.013    0.000
##     nauseated        -1.585    0.099  -16.068    0.000
##     odors             0.632    0.112    5.642    0.000
##     intentions       -0.432    0.114   -3.809    0.000
##     remembering       0.652    0.103    6.306    0.000
##     temperature       1.290    0.100   12.850    0.000
##     recognizing       0.110    0.107    1.028    0.304
##     seeing            1.570    0.096   16.349    0.000
##     communicating     0.797    0.101    7.919    0.000
##     sounds            1.785    0.084   21.173    0.000
##     depth             0.662    0.103    6.458    0.000
##     goal              0.795    0.109    7.286    0.000
##     choices           0.710    0.104    6.838    0.000
##     reasoning        -0.642    0.104   -6.157    0.000
##     computations      0.033    0.136    0.239    0.811
##     MR1               0.000                           
##     MR2               0.000                           
##     MR3               0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     embarrassed       1.036    0.122    8.463    0.000
##     pride             1.257    0.147    8.535    0.000
##     guilt             0.942    0.099    9.485    0.000
##     love              0.915    0.111    8.244    0.000
##     disrespected      1.000    0.104    9.622    0.000
##     depressed         0.890    0.111    7.986    0.000
##     beliefs           1.431    0.153    9.346    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.852    0.177   10.440    0.000
##     joy               0.732    0.100    7.360    0.000
##     personality       1.901    0.187   10.149    0.000
##     happy             0.618    0.103    6.006    0.000
##     morality          2.627    0.236   11.143    0.000
##     angry             1.004    0.125    8.015    0.000
##     self_restraint    2.245    0.231    9.731    0.000
##     thoughts          1.056    0.152    6.947    0.000
##     self_aware        1.712    0.191    8.981    0.000
##     hungry            3.132    0.258   12.153    0.000
##     pain              2.367    0.269    8.802    0.000
##     tired             1.756    0.198    8.868    0.000
##     fear              1.519    0.176    8.631    0.000
##     pleasure          1.023    0.132    7.769    0.000
##     conscious         1.592    0.192    8.277    0.000
##     free_will         1.619    0.216    7.502    0.000
##     safe              1.806    0.215    8.384    0.000
##     desires           0.976    0.128    7.608    0.000
##     calm              1.351    0.181    7.482    0.000
##     nauseated         1.345    0.140    9.626    0.000
##     odors             3.525    0.200   17.666    0.000
##     intentions        2.371    0.216   10.958    0.000
##     remembering       3.722    0.212   17.575    0.000
##     temperature       2.634    0.223   11.832    0.000
##     recognizing       4.049    0.208   19.506    0.000
##     seeing            2.560    0.210   12.204    0.000
##     communicating     3.572    0.217   16.470    0.000
##     sounds            2.255    0.184   12.254    0.000
##     depth             2.887    0.231   12.473    0.000
##     goal              2.947    0.263   11.213    0.000
##     choices           1.957    0.240    8.154    0.000
##     reasoning         3.183    0.259   12.298    0.000
##     computations      5.213    0.533    9.783    0.000
##     MR1               0.610    0.132    4.634    0.000
##     MR2               4.518    0.290   15.562    0.000
##     MR3               0.551    0.181    3.047    0.002

ModelWDM: Theoretical, three factors (AFFECT, AUTONOMY, PERCEPTION; see Weisman et al., 2015)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  47 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           400
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic              211.773     427.508
##   Degrees of freedom                               101         101
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.544
##   Shift parameter                                           37.967
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             8503.466    2330.808
##   Degrees of freedom                               120         120
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.987       0.852
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.984       0.825
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.052       0.090
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.043  0.062       0.081  0.099
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.331       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.062       0.062
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   affect =~                                           
##     happy             1.000                           
##     depressed         0.610    0.043   14.127    0.000
##     fear              1.220    0.057   21.328    0.000
##     angry             0.989    0.043   23.101    0.000
##     calm              1.128    0.049   23.079    0.000
##     joy               0.960    0.032   29.929    0.000
##   perception =~                                       
##     sounds            1.000                           
##     seeing            1.257    0.132    9.537    0.000
##     temperature       1.463    0.150    9.720    0.000
##     odors             1.831    0.201    9.111    0.000
##     depth             1.293    0.152    8.482    0.000
##   autonomy =~                                         
##     free_will         1.000                           
##     choices           0.634    0.049   12.933    0.000
##     self_restraint    0.601    0.044   13.658    0.000
##     intentions        0.898    0.046   19.372    0.000
##     goal              0.562    0.053   10.525    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   affect ~~                                           
##     perception        0.785    0.117    6.713    0.000
##     autonomy          2.681    0.218   12.305    0.000
##   perception ~~                                       
##     autonomy          1.219    0.164    7.414    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     happy            -1.630    0.095  -17.203    0.000
##     depressed        -2.167    0.073  -29.598    0.000
##     fear             -0.835    0.120   -6.948    0.000
##     angry            -1.577    0.099  -15.969    0.000
##     calm             -1.085    0.108  -10.013    0.000
##     joy              -1.665    0.094  -17.786    0.000
##     sounds            1.785    0.084   21.173    0.000
##     seeing            1.570    0.096   16.349    0.000
##     temperature       1.290    0.100   12.850    0.000
##     odors             0.632    0.112    5.642    0.000
##     depth             0.662    0.103    6.458    0.000
##     free_will        -0.950    0.117   -8.116    0.000
##     choices           0.710    0.104    6.838    0.000
##     self_restraint   -1.472    0.096  -15.305    0.000
##     intentions       -0.432    0.114   -3.809    0.000
##     goal              0.795    0.109    7.286    0.000
##     affect            0.000                           
##     perception        0.000                           
##     autonomy          0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     happy             0.861    0.121    7.105    0.000
##     depressed         1.128    0.140    8.054    0.000
##     fear              1.711    0.221    7.731    0.000
##     angry             1.231    0.126    9.754    0.000
##     calm              1.224    0.167    7.335    0.000
##     joy               0.989    0.117    8.473    0.000
##     sounds            1.872    0.169   11.045    0.000
##     seeing            2.155    0.216    9.975    0.000
##     temperature       1.958    0.222    8.804    0.000
##     odors             1.783    0.290    6.157    0.000
##     depth             2.587    0.248   10.442    0.000
##     free_will         1.812    0.229    7.901    0.000
##     choices           2.831    0.181   15.672    0.000
##     self_restraint    2.372    0.210   11.306    0.000
##     intentions        2.197    0.207   10.618    0.000
##     goal              3.598    0.214   16.820    0.000
##     affect            2.721    0.251   10.826    0.000
##     perception        0.964    0.198    4.871    0.000
##     autonomy          3.654    0.295   12.385    0.000

ModelGGW: Theoretical, two factors (AGENCY, EXPERIENCE; see Gray et al., 2007)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  53 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           400
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic              959.777    1308.384
##   Degrees of freedom                               134         134
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.776
##   Shift parameter                                           72.022
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic            13458.568    3474.678
##   Degrees of freedom                               153         153
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.938       0.646
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.929       0.596
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.124       0.148
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.117  0.132       0.141  0.156
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.117       0.117
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   experience =~                                       
##     hungry            1.000                           
##     fear              0.987    0.036   27.716    0.000
##     pain              0.985    0.034   28.817    0.000
##     pleasure          0.924    0.041   22.783    0.000
##     angry             0.794    0.045   17.647    0.000
##     desires           0.933    0.038   24.254    0.000
##     personality       0.616    0.047   13.050    0.000
##     conscious         0.993    0.037   26.911    0.000
##     pride             0.498    0.046   10.839    0.000
##     embarrassed       0.354    0.041    8.527    0.000
##     joy               0.767    0.044   17.554    0.000
##   agency =~                                           
##     self_restraint    1.000                           
##     morality          0.581    0.073    7.979    0.000
##     remembering       0.412    0.086    4.759    0.000
##     emo_recog         0.865    0.086   10.104    0.000
##     goal              0.814    0.092    8.810    0.000
##     communicating     0.404    0.083    4.886    0.000
##     thoughts          1.557    0.127   12.253    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   experience ~~                                       
##     agency            1.939    0.189   10.269    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     hungry           -0.155    0.138   -1.119    0.263
##     fear             -0.835    0.120   -6.948    0.000
##     pain             -0.515    0.129   -3.999    0.000
##     pleasure         -1.215    0.108  -11.285    0.000
##     angry            -1.577    0.099  -15.969    0.000
##     desires          -1.042    0.109   -9.588    0.000
##     personality      -1.210    0.098  -12.285    0.000
##     conscious        -0.718    0.121   -5.927    0.000
##     pride            -2.080    0.079  -26.225    0.000
##     embarrassed      -2.385    0.064  -37.134    0.000
##     joy              -1.665    0.094  -17.786    0.000
##     self_restraint   -1.472    0.096  -15.305    0.000
##     morality         -1.677    0.089  -18.936    0.000
##     remembering       0.652    0.103    6.306    0.000
##     emo_recog        -1.720    0.086  -19.956    0.000
##     goal              0.795    0.109    7.286    0.000
##     communicating     0.797    0.101    7.919    0.000
##     thoughts         -1.002    0.106   -9.473    0.000
##     experience        0.000                           
##     agency            0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     hungry            3.487    0.272   12.825    0.000
##     fear              1.704    0.187    9.112    0.000
##     pain              2.578    0.277    9.296    0.000
##     pleasure          1.073    0.146    7.354    0.000
##     angry             1.268    0.124   10.193    0.000
##     desires           1.090    0.145    7.525    0.000
##     personality       2.288    0.195   11.762    0.000
##     conscious         1.741    0.198    8.802    0.000
##     pride             1.476    0.164    8.978    0.000
##     embarrassed       1.125    0.135    8.335    0.000
##     joy               1.049    0.105   10.030    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.939    0.234    8.281    0.000
##     morality          2.539    0.235   10.801    0.000
##     remembering       3.975    0.196   20.331    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.650    0.185    8.904    0.000
##     goal              3.588    0.218   16.465    0.000
##     communicating     3.760    0.200   18.770    0.000
##     thoughts          0.212    0.264    0.805    0.421
##     experience        4.163    0.301   13.822    0.000
##     agency            1.755    0.242    7.264    0.000

Study 4 (2016-01-14, 21 conditions, between-subjects)

Demographics

Study 4: Exclusion

did_not_finish	failed_catch_trial	did_not_provide_yob	too_young	TOTAL_excluded	TOTAL_participated	OVERALL_TOTAL
15	24	1	0	40	431	471

Study 4: Sample size

condition	n
adult	21
bear	20
beetle	19
bluejay	20
car	23
child	20
chimpanzee	21
computer	22
dog	24
dolphin	22
elephant	21
fetus	20
fish	20
frog	21
goat	20
infant	19
microbe	20
mouse	18
pvs	21
robot	22
stapler	17
all	431

Study 4: Study duration (minutes)

condition	min_duration	max_duration	median_duration	mean_duration	sd_duration
adult	1.20	41.08	2.57	6.99	11.38
bear	1.65	8.07	3.53	3.84	1.78
beetle	1.40	4.70	2.78	2.82	0.92
bluejay	1.68	12.95	3.50	4.21	2.78
car	0.62	28.50	2.22	3.47	5.57
child	1.57	7.02	3.15	3.56	1.45
chimpanzee	2.08	5.88	3.48	3.61	1.31
computer	1.30	21.77	2.75	4.33	4.39
dog	1.80	7.97	2.79	3.11	1.59
dolphin	0.70	11.18	2.96	3.93	2.42
elephant	1.27	5.08	2.47	2.87	1.04
fetus	1.42	12.33	2.72	3.40	2.35
fish	1.35	7.97	3.37	3.40	1.65
frog	1.80	32.23	3.52	6.31	6.80
goat	1.63	9.17	3.38	4.20	2.57
infant	1.78	45.18	4.05	6.06	9.65
microbe	1.02	42.28	2.73	4.69	8.92
mouse	1.50	7.92	3.40	3.78	1.76
pvs	1.13	7.58	2.22	2.72	1.54
robot	1.72	22.15	3.38	4.43	4.24
stapler	1.17	13.17	1.67	2.92	2.86
all	0.62	45.18	2.88	4.03	4.76

## Joining by: c("condition", "min_age", "max_age", "median_age", "mean_age", "sd_age")

## Warning: joining character vector and factor, coercing into character
## vector

Study 4: Participant age (years; approximate)

condition	min_age	max_age	median_age	mean_age	sd_age
adult	22	55	30.0	30.86	7.83
bear	20	64	35.5	35.75	11.74
beetle	21	45	30.0	30.37	5.22
bluejay	24	60	35.0	38.20	11.00
car	21	55	34.0	33.96	9.47
child	22	68	33.5	36.25	12.13
chimpanzee	22	57	35.0	36.48	10.88
computer	23	59	34.0	35.14	11.15
dog	19	61	30.5	33.42	11.10
dolphin	24	65	33.5	37.82	11.74
elephant	22	66	34.0	40.24	13.51
fetus	21	70	31.0	34.30	10.85
fish	21	66	33.5	36.65	12.77
frog	24	60	34.0	36.86	9.66
goat	18	64	30.0	34.90	12.93
infant	22	54	32.0	34.42	9.11
microbe	20	58	32.5	37.75	12.37
mouse	21	59	40.5	39.89	11.93
pvs	24	65	34.0	35.24	9.59
robot	23	59	40.5	41.91	11.27
stapler	22	70	34.0	36.41	12.08
all	18	70	34.0	36.03	11.11

Study 4: Participant gender

condition	m	f	other
adult	16	5	0
bear	9	11	0
beetle	11	8	0
bluejay	5	15	0
car	12	11	0
child	10	9	1
chimpanzee	13	8	0
computer	11	11	0
dog	14	10	0
dolphin	12	10	0
elephant	7	14	0
fetus	13	7	0
fish	9	11	0
frog	12	9	0
goat	9	11	0
infant	12	6	1
microbe	11	9	0
mouse	8	9	1
pvs	11	10	0
robot	8	14	0
stapler	10	7	0
all	223	205	3

Study 4: Participant race/ethnicity

condition	asian_east	asian_other	asian_south	black	hispanic	middle_eastern	multiracial	native_american	other_prefno	white
adult	1	1	0	4	0	1	0	0	0	14
bear	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	16
beetle	0	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	16
bluejay	0	0	1	3	0	0	1	0	0	15
car	2	0	1	0	2	0	1	0	0	17
child	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	17
chimpanzee	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	18
computer	0	0	0	2	0	0	2	0	0	18
dog	2	0	0	2	1	0	0	0	0	19
dolphin	2	1	0	0	1	0	2	0	0	16
elephant	0	1	0	0	1	0	2	0	0	17
fetus	1	0	0	0	4	0	2	0	0	13
fish	2	0	0	3	1	0	0	0	0	14
frog	2	0	0	1	3	0	0	0	0	15
goat	1	0	0	3	1	0	1	0	0	14
infant	1	0	0	2	0	0	1	0	1	14
microbe	2	0	0	1	0	0	3	0	1	13
mouse	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16
pvs	2	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	17
robot	1	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	18
stapler	1	0	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	13
all	26	4	4	26	20	1	16	1	3	330

Study 4: Participant education

condition	some_HS	HS_diploma	some_college	associates	bachelors	some_grad	grad	pref_no
adult	0	1	5	0	7	3	5	0
bear	1	1	7	7	3	1	0	0
beetle	0	3	3	4	6	1	2	0
bluejay	0	2	3	2	9	2	2	0
car	1	0	7	4	7	1	3	0
child	0	1	6	1	7	1	3	1
chimpanzee	0	1	12	0	5	0	2	1
computer	0	2	6	2	9	1	2	0
dog	0	3	5	1	10	1	4	0
dolphin	0	4	4	3	6	3	2	0
elephant	0	2	5	3	7	0	4	0
fetus	0	2	9	4	4	1	0	0
fish	0	3	5	1	6	3	2	0
frog	0	2	7	1	7	1	3	0
goat	1	3	5	5	5	0	1	0
infant	0	2	2	2	8	0	3	2
microbe	0	4	3	2	9	1	1	0
mouse	0	1	5	2	7	0	3	0
pvs	0	1	4	3	9	2	1	1
robot	0	3	3	2	10	1	3	0
stapler	0	0	5	2	5	0	5	0
all	3	41	111	51	146	23	51	5

Exploratory factor analysis

EFA: ALL conditions

Step 1: Determine how many factors to extract

Step 2: Run EFA without rotation

## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d4_all, nfactors = nfactors_d4_all, rotate = "none", fm = "minres", 
##     cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                 MR1   MR2   MR3   h2    u2 com
## happy          0.91 -0.08 -0.24 0.89 0.107 1.2
## depressed      0.88  0.09 -0.16 0.82 0.182 1.1
## fear           0.88 -0.36 -0.08 0.91 0.094 1.4
## angry          0.90 -0.09 -0.12 0.83 0.170 1.1
## calm           0.89 -0.19 -0.13 0.84 0.160 1.1
## sounds         0.78 -0.32  0.42 0.88 0.118 1.9
## seeing         0.84 -0.29  0.28 0.88 0.121 1.5
## temperature    0.71 -0.31  0.48 0.83 0.174 2.2
## odors          0.84 -0.24  0.19 0.80 0.200 1.3
## depth          0.77  0.03  0.41 0.75 0.246 1.5
## computations   0.29  0.78  0.44 0.89 0.114 1.9
## thoughts       0.88 -0.01 -0.10 0.79 0.207 1.0
## reasoning      0.80  0.36  0.19 0.80 0.201 1.5
## remembering    0.79  0.15  0.40 0.81 0.189 1.6
## beliefs        0.76  0.50 -0.19 0.87 0.128 1.9
## hungry         0.86 -0.45 -0.14 0.96 0.040 1.6
## tired          0.89 -0.36 -0.10 0.94 0.063 1.3
## pain           0.88 -0.41 -0.14 0.96 0.043 1.5
## nauseated      0.87 -0.17 -0.15 0.81 0.193 1.1
## safe           0.88 -0.21 -0.08 0.83 0.168 1.1
## love           0.88  0.01 -0.26 0.85 0.153 1.2
## recognizing    0.83  0.01  0.19 0.72 0.276 1.1
## communicating  0.79 -0.04  0.39 0.78 0.216 1.5
## guilt          0.84  0.37 -0.24 0.90 0.101 1.6
## disrespected   0.83  0.35 -0.17 0.84 0.156 1.4
## free_will      0.86 -0.06 -0.03 0.74 0.257 1.0
## choices        0.83  0.01  0.32 0.79 0.205 1.3
## self_restraint 0.82  0.35  0.07 0.80 0.195 1.4
## intentions     0.86  0.05  0.04 0.74 0.257 1.0
## goal           0.73  0.15  0.34 0.67 0.328 1.5
## conscious      0.86 -0.16 -0.04 0.78 0.224 1.1
## self_aware     0.82  0.22 -0.02 0.71 0.286 1.1
## desires        0.91 -0.11 -0.09 0.85 0.153 1.1
## embarrassed    0.81  0.41 -0.28 0.90 0.099 1.8
## emo_recog      0.83  0.30 -0.04 0.79 0.213 1.3
## joy            0.92 -0.07 -0.20 0.90 0.099 1.1
## morality       0.78  0.48 -0.06 0.84 0.158 1.7
## personality    0.92  0.00 -0.12 0.86 0.140 1.0
## pleasure       0.93 -0.20 -0.11 0.91 0.088 1.1
## pride          0.88  0.24 -0.18 0.87 0.131 1.2
## 
##                         MR1  MR2  MR3
## SS loadings           28.05 3.21 2.09
## Proportion Var         0.70 0.08 0.05
## Cumulative Var         0.70 0.78 0.83
## Proportion Explained   0.84 0.10 0.06
## Cumulative Proportion  0.84 0.94 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.4
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  110.45 with Chi Square of  45928.21
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663  and the objective function was  48.75 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.02 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  431 with the empirical chi square  395.68  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  431  with MLE Chi Square =  20176.3  with prob <  0 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.489
## RMSEA index =  0.267  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.258 NA
## BIC =  16154.47
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors               1   1   1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors         1   1   1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores    1   1   1

Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation

## Factor Analysis using method =  minres
## Call: fa(r = d4_all, nfactors = nfactors_d4_all, rotate = "oblimin", 
##     fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##                  MR2   MR1   MR3   h2   u2 com
## happy           0.45  0.62  0.03 0.84 0.16 1.8
## depressed       0.61  0.33  0.05 0.71 0.29 1.6
## fear            0.05  0.74  0.25 0.86 0.14 1.2
## angry           0.39  0.52  0.15 0.76 0.24 2.0
## calm            0.25  0.64  0.18 0.79 0.21 1.5
## sounds         -0.19  0.22  0.84 0.77 0.23 1.2
## seeing         -0.12  0.36  0.71 0.79 0.21 1.5
## temperature    -0.21  0.19  0.81 0.68 0.32 1.2
## odors           0.02  0.39  0.57 0.73 0.27 1.8
## depth           0.11  0.00  0.74 0.65 0.35 1.0
## computations    0.48 -0.72  0.48 0.58 0.42 2.6
## thoughts        0.42  0.42  0.19 0.72 0.28 2.4
## reasoning       0.59 -0.15  0.43 0.70 0.30 2.0
## remembering     0.22 -0.07  0.75 0.73 0.27 1.2
## beliefs         0.90 -0.05 -0.04 0.73 0.27 1.0
## hungry         -0.05  0.79  0.23 0.83 0.17 1.2
## tired           0.07  0.77  0.23 0.90 0.10 1.2
## pain           -0.01  0.81  0.21 0.88 0.12 1.1
## nauseated       0.33  0.58  0.10 0.72 0.28 1.7
## safe            0.21  0.61  0.23 0.78 0.22 1.5
## love            0.56  0.51 -0.03 0.78 0.22 2.0
## recognizing     0.22  0.17  0.57 0.68 0.32 1.5
## communicating   0.08  0.06  0.76 0.71 0.29 1.0
## guilt           0.89  0.08 -0.07 0.79 0.21 1.0
## disrespected    0.82  0.07  0.01 0.73 0.27 1.0
## free_will       0.31  0.41  0.28 0.67 0.33 2.7
## choices         0.17  0.09  0.69 0.72 0.28 1.2
## self_restraint  0.67 -0.04  0.28 0.69 0.31 1.3
## intentions      0.37  0.26  0.36 0.65 0.35 2.8
## goal            0.26 -0.05  0.59 0.55 0.45 1.4
## conscious       0.24  0.50  0.27 0.69 0.31 2.0
## self_aware      0.54  0.15  0.24 0.62 0.38 1.6
## desires         0.35  0.53  0.20 0.78 0.22 2.1
## embarrassed     0.90  0.07 -0.12 0.76 0.24 1.0
## emo_recog       0.71  0.07  0.16 0.71 0.29 1.1
## joy             0.48  0.57  0.06 0.84 0.16 2.0
## morality        0.83 -0.10  0.11 0.74 0.26 1.1
## personality     0.47  0.46  0.17 0.80 0.20 2.3
## pleasure        0.25  0.66  0.20 0.87 0.13 1.5
## pride           0.76  0.22  0.01 0.77 0.23 1.2
## 
##                         MR2  MR1  MR3
## SS loadings           11.04 9.91 8.74
## Proportion Var         0.28 0.25 0.22
## Cumulative Var         0.28 0.52 0.74
## Proportion Explained   0.37 0.33 0.29
## Cumulative Proportion  0.37 0.71 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##      MR2  MR1  MR3
## MR2 1.00 0.41 0.55
## MR1 0.41 1.00 0.53
## MR3 0.55 0.53 1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.6
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  780  and the objective function was  52.07 with Chi Square of  21651.8
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663  and the objective function was  5.43 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.02 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.03 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  431 with the empirical chi square  412.62  with prob <  1 
## The total number of observations was  431  with MLE Chi Square =  2246.7  with prob <  5.9e-171 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.91
## RMSEA index =  0.077  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.071 0.078
## BIC =  -1775.13
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                 MR2  MR1  MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors             0.98 0.99 0.98
## Multiple R square of scores with factors       0.97 0.97 0.95
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores  0.94 0.94 0.91

Factor 1

Study 4, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 1

	F1
embarrassed	0.9018816
beliefs	0.8968680
guilt	0.8901290
morality	0.8342636
disrespected	0.8198717
pride	0.7632293
emo_recog	0.7145727
self_restraint	0.6669838
depressed	0.6121355
reasoning	0.5933422
love	0.5649503
self_aware	0.5413943
computations	0.4784656
joy	0.4769566
personality	0.4679081
happy	0.4495767
thoughts	0.4249871
angry	0.3924566
intentions	0.3659627
desires	0.3514439
nauseated	0.3307287
free_will	0.3128684
goal	0.2580309
calm	0.2485633
pleasure	0.2461668
conscious	0.2420620
recognizing	0.2227127
remembering	0.2172967
safe	0.2117204
choices	0.1735503
depth	0.1122530
communicating	0.0848394
tired	0.0654121
fear	0.0517524
odors	0.0156964
pain	-0.0058140
hungry	-0.0451910
seeing	-0.1164145
sounds	-0.1932636
temperature	-0.2062295

Factor 2

Study 4, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 2

	F2
pain	0.8113911
hungry	0.7932834
tired	0.7738048
fear	0.7411343
pleasure	0.6615801
calm	0.6355742
happy	0.6169317
safe	0.6101309
nauseated	0.5822653
joy	0.5668870
desires	0.5272103
angry	0.5216222
love	0.5092261
conscious	0.4967620
personality	0.4557715
thoughts	0.4219388
free_will	0.4130935
odors	0.3894383
seeing	0.3558002
depressed	0.3294201
intentions	0.2595619
sounds	0.2187783
pride	0.2170787
temperature	0.1885972
recognizing	0.1714859
self_aware	0.1496946
choices	0.0868195
guilt	0.0836874
embarrassed	0.0746788
disrespected	0.0655174
emo_recog	0.0651278
communicating	0.0580091
depth	-0.0010363
self_restraint	-0.0422123
goal	-0.0486536
beliefs	-0.0511137
remembering	-0.0672345
morality	-0.1044385
reasoning	-0.1545878
computations	-0.7202885

Factor 3

Study 4, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 3

	F3
sounds	0.8369067
temperature	0.8106029
communicating	0.7600327
remembering	0.7534883
depth	0.7368329
seeing	0.7106448
choices	0.6902574
goal	0.5918000
recognizing	0.5711083
odors	0.5695787
computations	0.4784963
reasoning	0.4331923
intentions	0.3611253
self_restraint	0.2784143
free_will	0.2781228
conscious	0.2670766
fear	0.2544704
self_aware	0.2415665
hungry	0.2290513
safe	0.2286487
tired	0.2265862
pain	0.2082285
pleasure	0.2039622
desires	0.1951531
thoughts	0.1913144
calm	0.1756957
personality	0.1693344
emo_recog	0.1572589
angry	0.1501175
morality	0.1108815
nauseated	0.1028601
joy	0.0555248
depressed	0.0520425
happy	0.0255363
pride	0.0076356
disrespected	0.0057781
love	-0.0306122
beliefs	-0.0419920
guilt	-0.0698411
embarrassed	-0.1159230

Confirmatory factor analysis

CFA: ALL conditions

ModelDD: Data-driven, three factors (MR1, MR2, MR3; see Study 1)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (431) too small to compute Gamma

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 100 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           431
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic             2268.230    3568.271
##   Degrees of freedom                               737         737
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.745
##   Shift parameter                                          525.117
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic           161065.817   14049.679
##   Degrees of freedom                               780         780
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.990       0.787
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.990       0.774
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.070       0.095
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.066  0.073       0.091  0.098
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.080       0.080
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   MR1 =~                                              
##     embarrassed       1.000                           
##     pride             1.293    0.061   21.072    0.000
##     guilt             1.061    0.038   27.834    0.000
##     love              1.513    0.082   18.523    0.000
##     disrespected      1.069    0.045   23.695    0.000
##     depressed         1.416    0.069   20.563    0.000
##     beliefs           0.889    0.044   20.344    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.126    0.055   20.488    0.000
##     joy               1.690    0.097   17.463    0.000
##     personality       1.619    0.094   17.226    0.000
##     happy             1.666    0.095   17.557    0.000
##     morality          0.977    0.051   19.183    0.000
##     angry             1.625    0.093   17.479    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.104    0.061   18.242    0.000
##     thoughts          1.498    0.086   17.452    0.000
##     self_aware        1.250    0.074   17.006    0.000
##   MR2 =~                                              
##     hungry            1.000                           
##     pain              1.040    0.028   36.697    0.000
##     tired             1.098    0.029   37.370    0.000
##     fear              1.078    0.029   36.613    0.000
##     pleasure          1.145    0.038   30.334    0.000
##     conscious         1.014    0.037   27.189    0.000
##     free_will         0.953    0.038   25.262    0.000
##     safe              1.036    0.037   28.193    0.000
##     desires           1.073    0.040   26.863    0.000
##     calm              1.036    0.037   28.383    0.000
##     nauseated         1.031    0.041   25.364    0.000
##     odors             0.948    0.036   26.383    0.000
##     intentions        0.946    0.042   22.626    0.000
##   MR3 =~                                              
##     remembering       1.000                           
##     temperature       0.770    0.047   16.220    0.000
##     recognizing       1.081    0.035   30.489    0.000
##     seeing            1.105    0.046   23.867    0.000
##     communicating     0.993    0.035   28.344    0.000
##     sounds            0.868    0.043   20.258    0.000
##     depth             0.959    0.041   23.488    0.000
##     goal              0.894    0.044   20.206    0.000
##     choices           1.079    0.040   26.757    0.000
##     reasoning         0.872    0.042   20.802    0.000
##     computations      0.275    0.058    4.755    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   MR1 ~~                                              
##     MR2               2.422    0.181   13.368    0.000
##     MR3               1.985    0.171   11.583    0.000
##   MR2 ~~                                              
##     MR3               3.122    0.214   14.592    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     embarrassed      -1.638    0.095  -17.311    0.000
##     pride            -1.142    0.102  -11.138    0.000
##     guilt            -1.564    0.095  -16.524    0.000
##     love             -0.483    0.112   -4.327    0.000
##     disrespected     -1.503    0.096  -15.663    0.000
##     depressed        -0.854    0.110   -7.734    0.000
##     beliefs          -1.673    0.090  -18.605    0.000
##     emo_recog        -1.137    0.094  -12.120    0.000
##     joy              -0.200    0.118   -1.694    0.090
##     personality      -0.151    0.114   -1.328    0.184
##     happy            -0.111    0.117   -0.951    0.342
##     morality         -1.462    0.093  -15.747    0.000
##     angry            -0.202    0.117   -1.718    0.086
##     self_restraint   -1.195    0.095  -12.559    0.000
##     thoughts         -0.206    0.111   -1.863    0.062
##     self_aware       -0.684    0.103   -6.649    0.000
##     hungry            1.137    0.121    9.382    0.000
##     pain              0.958    0.121    7.934    0.000
##     tired             0.610    0.120    5.074    0.000
##     fear              0.561    0.120    4.679    0.000
##     pleasure          0.197    0.119    1.656    0.098
##     conscious         0.067    0.117    0.577    0.564
##     free_will        -0.265    0.110   -2.415    0.016
##     safe              0.255    0.114    2.235    0.025
##     desires          -0.139    0.115   -1.207    0.228
##     calm              0.128    0.113    1.126    0.260
##     nauseated        -0.197    0.118   -1.674    0.094
##     odors             0.705    0.114    6.194    0.000
##     intentions       -0.295    0.110   -2.667    0.008
##     remembering       0.271    0.106    2.557    0.011
##     temperature       1.288    0.096   13.358    0.000
##     recognizing       0.390    0.109    3.573    0.000
##     seeing            1.037    0.115    8.982    0.000
##     communicating     0.492    0.106    4.629    0.000
##     sounds            1.420    0.101   14.063    0.000
##     depth             0.093    0.108    0.855    0.392
##     goal             -0.332    0.107   -3.089    0.002
##     choices           0.130    0.109    1.189    0.234
##     reasoning        -0.942    0.100   -9.454    0.000
##     computations     -1.329    0.102  -12.982    0.000
##     MR1               0.000                           
##     MR2               0.000                           
##     MR3               0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     embarrassed       2.019    0.137   14.767    0.000
##     pride             1.458    0.117   12.427    0.000
##     guilt             1.789    0.115   15.499    0.000
##     love              1.157    0.141    8.194    0.000
##     disrespected      1.869    0.129   14.538    0.000
##     depressed         1.569    0.149   10.542    0.000
##     beliefs           2.028    0.144   14.133    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.462    0.133   11.017    0.000
##     joy               0.733    0.097    7.590    0.000
##     personality       0.745    0.106    7.037    0.000
##     happy             0.818    0.122    6.677    0.000
##     morality          1.958    0.141   13.845    0.000
##     angry             1.099    0.142    7.769    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.662    0.130   12.768    0.000
##     thoughts          1.171    0.135    8.670    0.000
##     self_aware        1.694    0.149   11.402    0.000
##     hungry            2.203    0.156   14.151    0.000
##     pain              1.828    0.156   11.704    0.000
##     tired             1.262    0.115   10.992    0.000
##     fear              1.417    0.134   10.590    0.000
##     pleasure          0.708    0.081    8.727    0.000
##     conscious         1.612    0.167    9.638    0.000
##     free_will         1.421    0.146    9.758    0.000
##     safe              1.195    0.135    8.839    0.000
##     desires           0.996    0.108    9.200    0.000
##     calm              1.111    0.131    8.497    0.000
##     nauseated         1.601    0.173    9.240    0.000
##     odors             1.880    0.173   10.877    0.000
##     intentions        1.575    0.173    9.096    0.000
##     remembering       1.494    0.164    9.110    0.000
##     temperature       2.012    0.156   12.871    0.000
##     recognizing       1.205    0.160    7.515    0.000
##     seeing            1.644    0.175    9.413    0.000
##     communicating     1.553    0.153   10.165    0.000
##     sounds            1.860    0.133   13.961    0.000
##     depth             1.983    0.185   10.739    0.000
##     goal              2.282    0.208   10.947    0.000
##     choices           1.231    0.163    7.540    0.000
##     reasoning         1.719    0.152   11.300    0.000
##     computations      4.257    0.286   14.868    0.000
##     MR1               1.831    0.221    8.279    0.000
##     MR2               4.111    0.326   12.614    0.000
##     MR3               3.351    0.239   14.012    0.000

## Warning in lav_data_full(data = data, group = group, group.label =
## group.label, : lavaan WARNING: unordered factor(s) with more than 2 levels
## detected in data: subid

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (431) too small to compute Gamma

## Loading required package: proto

ModelWDM: Theoretical, three factors (AFFECT, AUTONOMY, PERCEPTION; see Weisman et al., 2015)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  53 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           431
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic              167.167     484.302
##   Degrees of freedom                               101         101
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.380
##   Shift parameter                                           44.514
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic            26475.574    4970.083
##   Degrees of freedom                               120         120
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.997       0.921
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.997       0.906
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.039       0.094
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.028  0.049       0.086  0.102
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.961       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.047       0.047
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   affect =~                                           
##     happy             1.000                           
##     depressed         0.834    0.029   28.510    0.000
##     fear              1.021    0.026   39.833    0.000
##     angry             0.992    0.023   43.244    0.000
##     calm              0.965    0.022   43.996    0.000
##     joy               1.019    0.017   59.874    0.000
##   perception =~                                       
##     sounds            1.000                           
##     seeing            1.258    0.051   24.839    0.000
##     temperature       0.899    0.046   19.518    0.000
##     odors             1.258    0.057   22.103    0.000
##     depth             1.062    0.055   19.209    0.000
##   autonomy =~                                         
##     free_will         1.000                           
##     choices           0.989    0.032   30.617    0.000
##     self_restraint    0.726    0.035   20.839    0.000
##     intentions        0.994    0.031   32.100    0.000
##     goal              0.805    0.039   20.526    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   affect ~~                                           
##     perception        2.941    0.218   13.489    0.000
##     autonomy          3.722    0.195   19.127    0.000
##   perception ~~                                       
##     autonomy          2.837    0.207   13.676    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     happy            -0.111    0.117   -0.951    0.342
##     depressed        -0.854    0.110   -7.734    0.000
##     fear              0.561    0.120    4.679    0.000
##     angry            -0.202    0.117   -1.718    0.086
##     calm              0.128    0.113    1.126    0.260
##     joy              -0.200    0.118   -1.694    0.090
##     sounds            1.420    0.101   14.063    0.000
##     seeing            1.037    0.115    8.982    0.000
##     temperature       1.288    0.096   13.358    0.000
##     odors             0.705    0.114    6.194    0.000
##     depth             0.093    0.108    0.855    0.392
##     free_will        -0.265    0.110   -2.415    0.016
##     choices           0.130    0.109    1.189    0.234
##     self_restraint   -1.195    0.095  -12.559    0.000
##     intentions       -0.295    0.110   -2.667    0.008
##     goal             -0.332    0.107   -3.089    0.002
##     affect            0.000                           
##     perception        0.000                           
##     autonomy          0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     happy             1.159    0.142    8.164    0.000
##     depressed         1.945    0.162   12.002    0.000
##     fear              1.251    0.134    9.351    0.000
##     angry             1.271    0.153    8.310    0.000
##     calm              1.112    0.137    8.124    0.000
##     joy               1.044    0.118    8.848    0.000
##     sounds            1.504    0.130   11.526    0.000
##     seeing            1.178    0.145    8.114    0.000
##     temperature       1.670    0.149   11.205    0.000
##     odors             1.019    0.179    5.701    0.000
##     depth             1.812    0.188    9.658    0.000
##     free_will         1.290    0.156    8.275    0.000
##     choices           1.347    0.155    8.694    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.856    0.132   14.009    0.000
##     intentions        1.431    0.167    8.572    0.000
##     goal              2.457    0.207   11.883    0.000
##     affect            4.741    0.218   21.705    0.000
##     perception        2.880    0.295    9.749    0.000
##     autonomy          3.868    0.227   17.025    0.000

## Warning in lav_data_full(data = data, group = group, group.label =
## group.label, : lavaan WARNING: unordered factor(s) with more than 2 levels
## detected in data: subid

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

ModelGGW: Theoretical, two factors (AGENCY, EXPERIENCE; see Gray et al., 2007)

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds

## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after  55 iterations
## 
##   Number of observations                           431
## 
##   Estimator                                       DWLS      Robust
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic              460.466    1221.757
##   Degrees of freedom                               134         134
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.000       0.000
##   Scaling correction factor                                  0.398
##   Shift parameter                                           64.979
##     for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
## 
## Model test baseline model:
## 
##   Minimum Function Test Statistic            36256.367    6491.883
##   Degrees of freedom                               153         153
##   P-value                                        0.000       0.000
## 
## User model versus baseline model:
## 
##   Comparative Fit Index (CFI)                    0.991       0.828
##   Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)                       0.990       0.804
## 
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
## 
##   RMSEA                                          0.075       0.137
##   90 Percent Confidence Interval          0.068  0.083       0.130  0.145
##   P-value RMSEA <= 0.05                          0.000       0.000
## 
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
## 
##   SRMR                                           0.074       0.074
## 
## Parameter Estimates:
## 
##   Information                                 Expected
##   Standard Errors                           Robust.sem
## 
## Latent Variables:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   experience =~                                       
##     hungry            1.000                           
##     fear              1.082    0.030   35.914    0.000
##     pain              1.042    0.029   35.935    0.000
##     pleasure          1.157    0.040   29.073    0.000
##     angry             1.095    0.044   24.763    0.000
##     desires           1.090    0.042   25.812    0.000
##     personality       1.091    0.045   24.026    0.000
##     conscious         1.027    0.039   26.166    0.000
##     pride             0.852    0.050   17.203    0.000
##     embarrassed       0.655    0.050   13.000    0.000
##     joy               1.136    0.045   25.034    0.000
##   agency =~                                           
##     self_restraint    1.000                           
##     morality          0.889    0.044   20.148    0.000
##     remembering       1.131    0.064   17.698    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.028    0.049   21.022    0.000
##     goal              1.035    0.057   18.233    0.000
##     communicating     1.135    0.068   16.719    0.000
##     thoughts          1.413    0.070   20.161    0.000
## 
## Covariances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##   experience ~~                                       
##     agency            2.599    0.182   14.270    0.000
## 
## Intercepts:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     hungry            1.137    0.121    9.382    0.000
##     fear              0.561    0.120    4.679    0.000
##     pain              0.958    0.121    7.934    0.000
##     pleasure          0.197    0.119    1.656    0.098
##     angry            -0.202    0.117   -1.718    0.086
##     desires          -0.139    0.115   -1.207    0.228
##     personality      -0.151    0.114   -1.328    0.184
##     conscious         0.067    0.117    0.577    0.564
##     pride            -1.142    0.102  -11.138    0.000
##     embarrassed      -1.638    0.095  -17.311    0.000
##     joy              -0.200    0.118   -1.694    0.090
##     self_restraint   -1.195    0.095  -12.559    0.000
##     morality         -1.462    0.093  -15.747    0.000
##     remembering       0.271    0.106    2.557    0.011
##     emo_recog        -1.137    0.094  -12.120    0.000
##     goal             -0.332    0.107   -3.089    0.002
##     communicating     0.492    0.106    4.629    0.000
##     thoughts         -0.206    0.111   -1.863    0.062
##     experience        0.000                           
##     agency            0.000                           
## 
## Variances:
##                    Estimate  Std.Err  Z-value  P(>|z|)
##     hungry            2.456    0.159   15.415    0.000
##     fear              1.673    0.151   11.041    0.000
##     pain              2.084    0.174   11.981    0.000
##     pleasure          0.932    0.100    9.298    0.000
##     angry             1.310    0.154    8.516    0.000
##     desires           1.144    0.115    9.909    0.000
##     personality       0.947    0.111    8.555    0.000
##     conscious         1.773    0.172   10.328    0.000
##     pride             1.720    0.127   13.561    0.000
##     embarrassed       2.197    0.144   15.204    0.000
##     joy               0.984    0.107    9.166    0.000
##     self_restraint    1.671    0.132   12.624    0.000
##     morality          1.951    0.143   13.674    0.000
##     remembering       2.003    0.208    9.651    0.000
##     emo_recog         1.436    0.140   10.240    0.000
##     goal              2.583    0.220   11.741    0.000
##     communicating     1.995    0.174   11.466    0.000
##     thoughts          0.847    0.163    5.187    0.000
##     experience        3.858    0.324   11.900    0.000
##     agency            2.222    0.214   10.365    0.000

## Warning in lav_data_full(data = data, group = group, group.label =
## group.label, : lavaan WARNING: unordered factor(s) with more than 2 levels
## detected in data: subid

## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds